CVE-2007-4473 in OPC Server
Summary
by MITRE
Gesytec Easylon OPC Server before 2.3.44 does not properly validate server handles, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service via unspecified network traffic to the OLE for Process Control (OPC) interface, probably related to free operations on arbitrary memory addresses through certain Remove functions, and read and write operations on arbitrary memory addresses through certain Set, Read, and Write functions.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/27/2024
The gesytec easylon opc server vulnerability identified as CVE-2007-4473 represents a critical security flaw in industrial automation software that exposes organizations to significant operational risks. This vulnerability specifically affects versions prior to 2.3.44 of the opc server software, which is widely used in process control and industrial monitoring systems. The flaw stems from inadequate validation of server handles within the ole for process control interface, creating a pathway for malicious actors to exploit memory management functions through network-based attacks. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in industrial control systems where operational technology environments often lack the robust security controls found in traditional information technology infrastructures.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves improper validation of server handles within the opc server's memory management subsystem. Attackers can manipulate the server handle validation process to execute arbitrary code or induce denial of service conditions through crafted network traffic directed at the opc interface. The flaw specifically relates to how the software handles memory operations during certain remove functions, which can lead to free operations on arbitrary memory addresses. Additionally, the vulnerability enables read and write operations on arbitrary memory addresses through set, read, and write functions, creating a comprehensive attack surface that allows for both code execution and system compromise. This type of vulnerability falls under the common weakness enumeration category of cwe-125, which describes out-of-bounds read conditions, and cwe-787, which covers out-of-bounds write conditions.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution to encompass potential disruption of critical industrial processes and system availability. In industrial control environments, opc servers serve as crucial communication bridges between supervisory control and data acquisition systems and field devices, making them prime targets for attackers seeking to disrupt operations. The ability to perform arbitrary memory operations through the opc interface could result in complete system compromise, allowing attackers to gain persistent access to industrial control networks. This vulnerability particularly threatens environments where opc servers interface with safety-critical systems, as successful exploitation could lead to process control failures, production downtime, and potential safety hazards. The attack vector through network traffic makes this vulnerability especially dangerous in connected industrial environments where opc servers are accessible over networks.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including upgrading to gesytec easylon opc server version 2.3.44 or later, which contains the necessary patches to address the handle validation flaws. Network segmentation and access controls should be enforced to limit exposure of opc servers to untrusted networks, while implementing proper firewall rules to restrict opc communication to authorized systems only. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous opc traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, and regular vulnerability assessments should be conducted to identify similar flaws in industrial control system components. According to the mitre att&ck framework, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving privilege escalation and execution through remote services, with potential lateral movement capabilities once initial access is achieved. Organizations should also consider implementing industrial control system specific security measures such as operational technology network monitoring and endpoint detection and response solutions tailored for industrial environments.