CVE-2008-1776 in PhpBlock
Summary
by MITRE
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in modules/basicfog/basicfogfactory.class.php in PhpBlock A8.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the PATH_TO_CODE parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/20/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2008-1776 represents a critical remote file inclusion flaw within the PhpBlock A8.4 content management system. This security weakness resides in the modules/basicfog/basicfogfactory.class.php file where the application fails to properly validate or sanitize user input before incorporating it into file paths. The vulnerability specifically affects the PATH_TO_CODE parameter which is used to determine code execution paths within the application's modular architecture. Attackers can exploit this flaw by supplying a malicious URL through the PATH_TO_CODE parameter, enabling them to execute arbitrary PHP code on the target server.
This vulnerability classifies under CWE-88 as improper neutralization of special elements used in an expression, specifically manifesting as a remote file inclusion attack. The flaw demonstrates characteristics consistent with CWE-94, which describes execution of arbitrary code or commands, as attackers can execute malicious PHP code with the privileges of the web server. The vulnerability operates through the principle of code injection where untrusted input is directly incorporated into the application's execution flow without proper sanitization or validation mechanisms. The attack vector leverages the web application's trust in user-provided data, particularly within the context of module loading and code execution paths.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and multifaceted. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the affected server, potentially leading to complete system compromise. The vulnerability enables attackers to upload and execute malicious files, establish backdoors, or escalate privileges within the system. Additionally, the remote nature of the exploit means that attackers do not require physical access to the server or local network connectivity, making the attack surface significantly broader. The vulnerability can also facilitate further attacks within the network, as compromised systems often serve as launching points for lateral movement and reconnaissance activities.
From a defensive perspective, this vulnerability aligns with several ATT&CK techniques including T1190 for exploit for client execution and T1059 for command and scripting interpreter. The most effective mitigations involve implementing strict input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied parameters, particularly those used in file inclusion operations. Organizations should enforce the use of allow_url_include and allow_url_fopen directives set to off in php.ini configurations, preventing remote file inclusion attacks at the PHP level. Additionally, implementing proper parameter validation, using whitelisting approaches for module selection, and regularly updating the application to patched versions are essential defensive measures. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices, particularly in applications that dynamically load modules or include external code, and demonstrates the critical need for input validation at multiple layers of application architecture.