CVE-2008-1856 in LinPHA
Summary
by MITRE
plugins/maps/db_handler.php in LinPHA 1.3.3 and earlier does not require authentication for a settings action that modifies the configuration file, which allows remote attackers to conduct directory traversal attacks and execute arbitrary local files by placing directory traversal sequences into the maps_type configuration setting, and then sending a request to maps_view.php, which causes plugins/maps/map.main.class.php to use the modified configuration.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/20/2024
The vulnerability described in CVE-2008-1856 resides within the LinPHA 1.3.3 content management system and represents a critical security flaw that undermines the application's authentication mechanisms and file access controls. This issue specifically targets the database handler component located at plugins/maps/db_handler.php, where the system fails to enforce proper authentication requirements for a sensitive configuration modification action. The flaw enables remote attackers to exploit directory traversal vulnerabilities through manipulation of the maps_type configuration setting, creating a pathway for arbitrary code execution on the affected system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and authentication checks within the LinPHA application's map management functionality. When attackers manipulate the maps_type parameter through a crafted request to maps_view.php, the system processes these directory traversal sequences without proper authorization verification. The vulnerable code path leads from the modified configuration setting through plugins/maps/map.main.class.php, where the maliciously altered configuration is subsequently utilized to execute local file operations. This design flaw directly violates fundamental security principles of least privilege and input sanitization, creating an attack surface that allows unauthorized modification of critical system components.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple privilege escalation, as it provides attackers with the capability to execute arbitrary local files on the target system. This remote code execution capability enables adversaries to gain full control over the affected server, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, and further lateral movement within network environments. The vulnerability's remote exploitability means that attackers do not require physical access or prior system compromise to leverage this flaw, making it particularly dangerous for web applications hosting sensitive data or critical services.
Security professionals should note that this vulnerability aligns with CWE-22 (Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The attack pattern described corresponds to techniques outlined in the ATT&CK framework under TA0001 (Initial Access) and TA0002 (Execution) phases, specifically leveraging T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) and T1059 (Command and Scripting Interpreter) tactics. Organizations running LinPHA 1.3.3 or earlier versions should immediately implement authentication controls for all configuration modification endpoints, implement strict input validation for pathname parameters, and apply the necessary security patches to prevent exploitation of this critical vulnerability. The remediation process should include comprehensive code review of all file handling operations and implementation of proper access controls to prevent unauthorized configuration changes that could lead to system compromise.