CVE-2008-5516 in Git
Summary
by MITRE
The web interface in git (gitweb) 1.5.x before 1.5.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters related to git_search.
If you want to get best quality of vulnerability data, you may have to visit VulDB.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/13/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2008-5516 affects the gitweb interface in git version 1.5.x prior to 1.5.5, representing a critical command injection flaw that enables remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands. This vulnerability specifically manifests through shell metacharacters present in the git_search functionality within the web interface, creating a pathway for malicious actors to compromise systems running vulnerable gitweb installations. The flaw exists in the way the web interface processes search queries, failing to properly sanitize user input before incorporating it into shell commands. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-77 category, which encompasses improper neutralization of special elements used in commands, commonly known as command injection vulnerabilities. The attack vector leverages the web-based interface to deliver malicious input that gets interpreted by the underlying shell, allowing for arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the web server process. This represents a severe security risk as it can enable attackers to gain full control over the affected system, potentially leading to data breaches, system compromise, or further lateral movement within a network environment.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution, as it can be exploited to perform a wide range of malicious activities including but not limited to data exfiltration, privilege escalation, and system reconnaissance. Attackers can leverage the vulnerability to execute system commands such as file manipulation, process termination, network scanning, or even establish reverse shells to maintain persistent access. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in environments where gitweb is used for code repository browsing, as it can be exploited through simple web requests without requiring authentication. From an attacker's perspective, this vulnerability aligns with techniques described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the command and control phase, specifically targeting the execution of malicious code through compromised web interfaces. The vulnerability can be exploited using various shell metacharacters such as semicolons, ampersands, or backticks, which are commonly used to chain commands or execute system calls within shell environments. The lack of proper input validation in the gitweb search functionality creates a direct pathway for attackers to bypass normal access controls and execute arbitrary code on the target system.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2008-5516 primarily focus on immediate patching and input validation improvements. Organizations should prioritize upgrading to git version 1.5.5 or later, which contains the necessary fixes to address the command injection vulnerability. Additionally, implementing proper input sanitization measures within the web interface can help prevent similar vulnerabilities from manifesting in other applications. Security practitioners should consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and block malicious search queries that contain shell metacharacters. Network segmentation and least privilege principles should be enforced to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of secure coding practices, particularly in web applications that interface with system commands, emphasizing the need for proper parameterization and input validation. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other web applications, as the underlying issue of inadequate input sanitization remains prevalent in many software systems. Organizations should also implement monitoring and logging mechanisms to detect suspicious activity related to gitweb searches, enabling rapid incident response when exploitation attempts are detected. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical importance of keeping software components updated and maintaining robust security practices throughout the software development lifecycle to prevent command injection vulnerabilities from compromising system integrity.