CVE-2009-0254 in easyHDR
Summary
by MITRE
Stack-based buffer overflow in easyHDR PRO 1.60.2 allows user-assisted attackers to execute arbitrary code via an invalid Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) file. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 10/26/2018
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2009-0254 represents a critical stack-based buffer overflow flaw within easyHDR PRO version 1.60.2, a software application designed for high dynamic range image processing. This vulnerability manifests when the application processes improperly formatted Flexible Image Transport System files, which are commonly used in astronomical and scientific imaging applications. The flaw stems from insufficient input validation mechanisms that fail to properly handle malformed FITS file structures, creating opportunities for malicious code execution. The vulnerability operates under the CWE-121 classification for stack-based buffer overflow conditions, where insufficient bounds checking allows attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations on the program stack.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user-assisted attack vector where an unsuspecting user must open or process a specifically crafted malicious FITS file. When the vulnerable software attempts to parse the invalid FITS file structure, the buffer overflow occurs during the parsing process, potentially allowing an attacker to overwrite return addresses, function pointers, or other critical stack data. This type of vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for command and scripting interpreter, as successful exploitation could enable arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the affected application. The vulnerability's impact is particularly severe given that easyHDR PRO typically runs with elevated privileges during image processing operations, potentially providing attackers with system-level access.
The operational implications of CVE-2009-0254 extend beyond simple code execution, as the vulnerability could enable attackers to perform privilege escalation attacks, install backdoors, or manipulate the application's behavior to conduct further malicious activities. The user-assisted nature of the attack means that social engineering may be required to convince victims to open malicious files, but once executed, the consequences can be devastating. Organizations using easyHDR PRO or similar image processing applications face significant risks, particularly in environments where scientific imaging data is processed, as FITS files are standard in astronomical research and medical imaging applications. The vulnerability represents a classic example of how legacy software applications often contain unpatched buffer overflow issues that can be exploited by adversaries.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate patching of the easyHDR PRO application to version 1.60.3 or later, which contains the necessary memory bounds checking fixes. System administrators should implement strict file validation procedures for FITS files, particularly those received from external sources or untrusted parties. Network segmentation and access controls can help limit the potential damage from exploitation attempts, while application whitelisting solutions can prevent execution of untrusted software. Security monitoring should include detection of suspicious file processing activities, particularly those involving image format parsing operations. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the importance of regular security updates and proper input validation in preventing buffer overflow exploits, aligning with security best practices outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity frameworks. Organizations should also consider implementing runtime protection mechanisms and regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities in their software ecosystems.