CVE-2010-2998 in RealPlayer
Summary
by MITRE
Array index error in RealNetworks RealPlayer 11.0 through 11.1 and RealPlayer SP 1.0 through 1.0.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via malformed sample data in a RealMedia .IVR file, related to a "malformed IVR pointer index" issue.
If you want to get best quality of vulnerability data, you may have to visit VulDB.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/27/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2010-2998 represents a critical array index error affecting RealNetworks RealPlayer versions 11.0 through 11.1 and RealPlayer SP versions 1.0 through 1.0.1. This flaw manifests when processing malformed sample data within RealMedia .IVR files, creating a condition where an attacker can manipulate memory access patterns through a malformed IVR pointer index. The vulnerability resides in the media player's handling of structured data within the IVR file format, specifically in how it processes pointer references during media parsing operations. This type of vulnerability falls under the category of buffer over-read conditions as classified by CWE-125, where the application accesses memory beyond the bounds of allocated arrays. The issue stems from insufficient validation of pointer indices within the IVR file parser, allowing attackers to craft malicious media files that trigger unauthorized memory access patterns.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution, as it provides attackers with the capability to achieve arbitrary code execution within the context of the RealPlayer application. When a user opens a specially crafted .IVR file, the malformed pointer index causes the application to read beyond allocated memory boundaries, potentially leading to stack corruption or memory overwrite conditions. This memory corruption can be leveraged to inject and execute malicious code, effectively compromising the victim's system. The vulnerability demonstrates characteristics consistent with the ATT&CK technique T1203, where adversaries exploit software vulnerabilities to gain execution privileges. The attack vector requires remote delivery of the malicious .IVR file, making it particularly dangerous in phishing campaigns or compromised websites where users might inadvertently trigger the exploit.
The technical nature of this flaw indicates a fundamental parsing error in RealPlayer's media handling subsystem, specifically within the IVR file format processor. The application fails to properly validate the integrity of pointer indices before using them to access memory locations, creating a predictable pattern that attackers can exploit. This vulnerability represents a classic case of improper input validation where the application trusts the structure of incoming media data without sufficient bounds checking. The flaw affects the application's ability to safely process structured data, particularly in scenarios where the media file contains malformed or intentionally crafted pointer references. Security researchers have noted that such array index errors often occur when developers assume certain data formats without implementing adequate defensive programming practices. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of implementing proper bounds checking mechanisms and adhering to secure coding principles that prevent unauthorized memory access patterns. Organizations should implement immediate mitigation strategies including application whitelisting, network segmentation, and user education to prevent exploitation of this vulnerability. The recommended remediation involves updating to patched versions of RealPlayer, as well as implementing network-based intrusion detection systems to identify and block malicious IVR file traffic.