CVE-2010-3909 in vtiger
Summary
by MITRE
Incomplete blacklist vulnerability in config.template.php in vtiger CRM before 5.2.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code by using the draft save feature in the Compose Mail component to upload a file with a .phtml extension, and then accessing this file via a direct request to the file in the storage/ directory tree.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/08/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2010-3909 represents a critical incomplete blacklist security flaw within the vtiger CRM software version 5.2.0 and earlier. This vulnerability exists in the config.template.php file and specifically affects the Compose Mail component's draft save functionality. The issue stems from inadequate input validation and file extension filtering mechanisms that fail to properly restrict file uploads to only safe and permitted extensions. Attackers can exploit this weakness by leveraging the draft save feature to upload malicious files with the .phtml extension, which are typically associated with PHP files that can be executed on web servers. The vulnerability demonstrates a classic improper input validation weakness that allows attackers to bypass security controls through the use of file extension manipulation.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability requires an authenticated user context, meaning that attackers must first gain valid credentials to access the vtiger CRM system. Once authenticated, the attacker can navigate to the Compose Mail component and utilize the draft save functionality to upload a file with a .phtml extension. The system's incomplete blacklist approach fails to properly validate the file type, allowing the upload of potentially malicious PHP code. This code is then stored within the storage/ directory tree of the application, where it can be directly accessed via HTTP requests. The vulnerability directly relates to CWE-434 which describes insecure file upload vulnerabilities, and represents a failure in proper file type validation and content verification mechanisms. The attack vector specifically targets the application's file handling capabilities and demonstrates how insufficient security controls in file upload features can lead to arbitrary code execution.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe and far-reaching for organizations using affected vtiger CRM versions. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on the web server hosting the application, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data theft, and unauthorized access to sensitive business information. The vulnerability enables attackers to gain persistent access to the system through the uploaded malicious files, which can serve as backdoors or provide access to additional system resources. Organizations may experience unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion, along with potential service disruption. The vulnerability also exposes the system to further attacks such as privilege escalation, lateral movement within the network, and data exfiltration. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving file execution, privilege escalation, and command and control communications, making it a significant threat vector for adversaries seeking persistent access to target environments.
The mitigation strategies for CVE-2010-3909 should focus on immediate remediation through the application of the vendor-provided security patch for vtiger CRM version 5.2.1 and subsequent releases. Organizations must implement proper input validation and file type checking mechanisms that utilize allowlists rather than incomplete blacklists for file uploads. The system should enforce strict file extension validation, reject files with potentially dangerous extensions, and implement proper file content verification. Additionally, the storage/ directory should be protected through proper access controls and web server configurations that prevent direct execution of uploaded files. Organizations should also implement regular security audits, input validation testing, and maintain updated security monitoring systems to detect and prevent similar vulnerabilities. The implementation of proper web application firewalls and security scanning tools can help identify and block malicious file upload attempts. Regular security training for administrators and developers regarding secure coding practices and file handling procedures is also essential to prevent similar vulnerabilities in the future.