CVE-2010-4634 in osTicket
Summary
by MITRE
** DISPUTED ** Directory traversal vulnerability in osTicket 1.6 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a .. (dot dot) in the file parameter to module.php, a different vector than CVE-2005-1439. NOTE: this issue has been disputed by a reliable third party.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/07/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2010-4634 represents a directory traversal flaw within the osTicket 1.6 help desk system that enables remote attackers to access arbitrary files on the server through manipulation of the file parameter in module.php. This vulnerability operates through a distinct attack vector compared to the previously known CVE-2005-1439, which specifically targeted the main.php file. The issue stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms within the osTicket application's module handling functionality. When a malicious user submits a request containing directory traversal sequences such as .. or similar constructs in the file parameter, the application fails to properly validate or sanitize this input before processing file operations. This allows attackers to navigate beyond the intended directory boundaries and access files that should remain restricted, potentially including sensitive system files, configuration data, or other confidential information stored on the server.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates a classic path traversal weakness where the application directly incorporates user-supplied input into file system operations without proper sanitization. The CWE-22 classification applies here as the vulnerability represents an improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory, commonly referred to as a "directory traversal" or "path traversal" attack. This type of vulnerability falls under the broader category of insecure direct object references and can lead to unauthorized data access, system compromise, or information disclosure. The attack vector specifically targets the module.php endpoint which handles dynamic module loading and file inclusion processes within the osTicket framework, making it a critical point of entry for malicious actors seeking to escalate their access privileges.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple information disclosure, as successful exploitation could potentially lead to complete system compromise. Attackers could access sensitive configuration files containing database credentials, application secrets, or other critical system information that could be used for further attacks. The vulnerability's remote nature means that attackers do not require local system access or credentials to exploit it, making it particularly dangerous in publicly accessible environments. Additionally, the ability to traverse directories and access arbitrary files could enable attackers to discover other vulnerabilities within the system or extract information that might reveal system architecture, software versions, or other intelligence useful for more sophisticated attacks. This vulnerability aligns with several techniques documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the reconnaissance and initial access phases, particularly targeting the credential access and defense evasion tactics.
Despite the vulnerability being disputed by a reliable third party, the potential security implications remain significant for systems that have not been properly updated or patched. Organizations should implement comprehensive mitigation strategies including immediate patching of affected systems, input validation enforcement, and network segmentation to limit exposure. The disputed nature of this CVE suggests that there may be differing interpretations regarding the severity or exploitability of the vulnerability, but the underlying technical flaw in input handling remains a legitimate concern. Security teams should consider implementing web application firewalls, access controls, and monitoring for suspicious file access patterns to detect potential exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in the application architecture and ensure that all known vulnerabilities are properly addressed through appropriate remediation measures.