CVE-2011-0452 in Lunascape
Summary
by MITRE
Untrusted search path vulnerability in the script function in Lunascape before 6.4.3 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse executable file in the current working directory.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/09/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2011-0452 represents a critical untrusted search path issue within the script function of Lunascape web browser versions prior to 6.4.3. This flaw resides in the browser's handling of executable files during script execution processes, creating a privilege escalation vector that adversaries can exploit through malicious Trojan horse files. The vulnerability specifically affects the browser's failure to properly validate or sanitize the current working directory when executing scripts, allowing local attackers to place malicious executables in the same directory as legitimate script files. This weakness falls under the category of CWE-426 Untrusted Search Path, which describes how applications that search for files in untrusted directories can be manipulated to execute unintended code. The issue enables attackers to leverage the browser's script execution functionality to elevate their privileges, as the system will execute the malicious file instead of the intended legitimate executable. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it exploits the trust relationship between the application and its execution environment, allowing attackers to bypass normal security controls that would otherwise prevent privilege escalation.
The operational impact of CVE-2011-0452 extends beyond simple local privilege escalation to encompass potential system compromise and persistent access within affected environments. When a local user places a malicious executable with the same name as a legitimate script in the current working directory, the browser's script execution mechanism will prioritize the malicious file during the execution process. This behavior creates a pathway for attackers to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges, potentially allowing them to install malware, modify system files, or establish backdoors within the compromised system. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in environments where users may interact with untrusted web content or where browser automation scripts are frequently executed, as these scenarios increase the likelihood of exploitation. Security researchers have noted that such untrusted search path vulnerabilities often align with attack patterns described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the Privilege Escalation tactic, specifically the techniques involving abuse of trusted processes and exploitation of program execution vulnerabilities. The impact is exacerbated by the fact that this vulnerability affects a widely used web browser, potentially exposing numerous endpoints to exploitation.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2011-0452 focus on both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements to prevent similar vulnerabilities. The primary and most effective solution involves upgrading to Lunascape version 6.4.3 or later, where the developers have implemented proper validation of search paths and execution contexts. Organizations should also implement strict file system permissions and ensure that the current working directory is properly secured against unauthorized modifications. Security hardening measures should include disabling unnecessary script execution capabilities, implementing application whitelisting policies, and regularly auditing script execution processes to detect anomalous behavior. System administrators should consider implementing monitoring solutions that can detect when executable files are placed in directories where script execution occurs, as this activity may indicate attempted exploitation. Additional protective measures include restricting user permissions on system directories where browser scripts execute, implementing sandboxing techniques to isolate browser processes, and ensuring that all system components maintain proper file integrity checks. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the importance of secure coding practices, particularly in applications that handle file system operations and script execution, and aligns with security best practices outlined in various compliance frameworks including iso 27001 and nist cybersecurity framework. Organizations should also conduct regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities in other applications that may be susceptible to untrusted search path exploitation techniques.