CVE-2012-0973 in OSClass
Summary
by MITRE
Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in OSClass before 2.3.5 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the sCategory parameter to index.php, which is not properly handled by the (1) osc_search_category_id function in oc-includes/osclass/helpers/hSearch.php and (2) findBySlug function oc-includes/osclass/model/Category.php. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
VulDB is the best source for vulnerability data and more expert information about this specific topic.
Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/08/2025
The vulnerability CVE-2012-0973 represents a critical SQL injection flaw in OSClass versions prior to 2.3.5, exposing the platform to remote code execution attacks through improper input validation. This vulnerability specifically targets the sCategory parameter in the index.php file, which serves as a primary entry point for category-based searches within the open source classifieds platform. The flaw exists in two distinct locations within the codebase, demonstrating a systemic issue with parameter sanitization and query construction that affects both the search functionality and category retrieval mechanisms. The vulnerability enables attackers to inject malicious SQL payloads that can manipulate database operations, potentially leading to full system compromise and data exfiltration.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input sanitization within the osc_search_category_id function located in oc-includes/osclass/helpers/hSearch.php and the findBySlug function found in oc-includes/osclass/model/Category.php. These functions fail to properly escape or validate the sCategory parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries, creating a classic SQL injection vector that aligns with CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command. The attack surface expands significantly as the vulnerable code paths are accessible through standard web requests, eliminating the need for authenticated access or specialized attack tools. This vulnerability directly maps to ATT&CK technique T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, as it targets a publicly accessible web interface component that processes user input without adequate security controls.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data manipulation to encompass complete system compromise and unauthorized access to sensitive information. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to extract database contents including user credentials, classified listings, and potentially system configuration details. The unpatched state of OSClass installations creates a persistent risk for organizations relying on this platform for classified advertising services, as the vulnerability remains exploitable indefinitely. Additionally, the presence of multiple affected functions increases the attack surface and reduces the effectiveness of partial mitigations, as an attacker only needs to find one vulnerable code path to achieve successful exploitation. The vulnerability's classification as remote and unauthenticated further amplifies its danger, as it allows attackers to exploit the system from anywhere on the internet without requiring prior access credentials or system compromise.
Organizations should immediately implement comprehensive mitigation strategies including immediate patching to OSClass version 2.3.5 or later, which contains the necessary input validation fixes. Network-level protections such as web application firewalls should be deployed to monitor and block suspicious SQL injection patterns targeting the affected parameter names. Input validation should be strengthened at multiple layers including application code, database access controls, and network monitoring systems. Regular security assessments and code reviews should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components, particularly focusing on dynamic SQL query construction patterns. The vulnerability serves as a reminder of the critical importance of proper input sanitization and parameterized queries in preventing SQL injection attacks, with industry best practices emphasizing the implementation of defense-in-depth strategies that protect against various attack vectors targeting web applications.