CVE-2012-2428 in xArrow
Summary
by MITRE
Integer overflow in the server in xArrow before 3.4.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet that triggers an out-of-bounds read operation.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/17/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2012-2428 represents a critical integer overflow flaw within the server component of xArrow software versions prior to 3.4.1. This vulnerability resides in the protocol handling mechanism where the software fails to properly validate integer values during packet processing, creating a condition that can be exploited by remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. The flaw specifically manifests when the server processes crafted packets that contain maliciously constructed integer values, leading to unexpected behavior in memory allocation and data handling operations.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and overflow checking within the server's packet parsing logic. When a malformed packet is received, the integer overflow condition causes the application to allocate insufficient memory or access memory locations outside the intended boundaries. This out-of-bounds read operation creates a predictable exploitation vector where attackers can manipulate the application's execution flow by carefully crafting packet contents that trigger the overflow condition. The vulnerability maps directly to CWE-190, which categorizes integer overflow conditions, and specifically aligns with CWE-129, addressing improper validation of array indices and buffer bounds.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability presents a severe risk to organizations relying on xArrow server implementations, as it enables remote code execution without requiring authentication or prior access to the system. Attackers can leverage this flaw to gain complete control over affected servers, potentially leading to data breaches, service disruption, and lateral movement within network environments. The impact extends beyond immediate system compromise as the vulnerability could be exploited to establish persistent backdoors or to pivot to other systems within the network infrastructure. The remote nature of the attack means that exploitation can occur from anywhere on the internet, making it particularly dangerous for publicly accessible services.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2012-2428 primarily focus on immediate software updates to version 3.4.1 or later, which includes proper integer overflow protections and enhanced input validation mechanisms. Organizations should implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of affected systems, while also deploying intrusion detection systems to monitor for suspicious packet patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, administrators should conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify all instances of xArrow software within their environments and ensure proper patch management procedures are in place. The remediation process should include monitoring for any signs of compromise and implementing network-level protections such as firewalls and packet filtering rules to prevent unauthorized access to vulnerable services. This vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper integer handling and input validation in network protocols, aligning with ATT&CK technique T1059 for command and control through remote code execution and T1210 for exploitation of remote services.