CVE-2016-0040 in Windows
Summary
by MITRE
The kernel in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, and Windows 7 SP1 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/23/2026
This vulnerability represents a critical privilege escalation flaw in the Windows kernel that affects multiple operating system versions including Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, and Windows 7 SP1. The vulnerability stems from improper handling of kernel objects and memory management structures that allow local malicious applications to manipulate kernel-level processes and elevate their privileges from standard user level to system level access. The flaw specifically resides in how the kernel manages object references and memory allocation during process execution, creating an opportunity for exploitation through crafted malicious applications.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a race condition or improper validation of kernel object handles that occurs when the system processes certain kernel-level operations. Attackers can exploit this by creating a malicious application that carefully manipulates kernel memory structures, potentially through use of the NtQueryObject or related kernel APIs that provide access to kernel object information. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-264, which addresses permissions, privileges, and access controls, specifically focusing on improper privileges in kernel-level operations. The vulnerability enables attackers to bypass standard security controls that normally prevent user-level processes from accessing kernel memory or executing privileged operations.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is severe as it allows local attackers who already have user-level access to escalate their privileges without requiring additional authentication or system compromise. Once successfully exploited, the attacker gains complete system control, including the ability to install malware, modify system files, access all user data, and potentially establish persistence mechanisms. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where users may have legitimate access to systems but could be compromised through social engineering or other initial access vectors. The vulnerability can be exploited through various attack vectors including malicious software installation, web-based attacks, or even physical access scenarios where an attacker can run a crafted application.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability include immediate application of Microsoft security patches and updates released in response to this CVE, which address the underlying kernel object management issues. System administrators should implement the principle of least privilege by ensuring users only have necessary permissions and regularly audit user access rights. Additionally, implementing security measures such as Windows Defender Application Control, AppLocker policies, and disabling unnecessary services can reduce the attack surface. Organizations should also consider deploying endpoint detection and response solutions to monitor for suspicious kernel-level activities. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1068, which covers "Exploitation for Privilege Escalation," and T1543, covering "Create or Modify System Process," making it a significant concern for organizations following MITRE ATT&CK framework assessments. Regular security monitoring and vulnerability assessment programs should include checks for this specific vulnerability to ensure proper remediation and prevent exploitation attempts.