CVE-2016-10507 in OpenJPEG
Summary
by MITRE
Integer overflow vulnerability in the bmp24toimage function in convertbmp.c in OpenJPEG before 2.2.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted bmp file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/27/2022
The integer overflow vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-10507 resides within the bmp24toimage function in the convertbmp.c file of OpenJPEG versions prior to 2.2.0. This flaw represents a critical security weakness that enables remote attackers to execute denial of service attacks through carefully crafted malicious bmp image files. The vulnerability specifically manifests when processing bitmap images with malformed dimensions that trigger integer overflow conditions during memory allocation calculations. The flaw falls under the CWE-190 category of Integer Overflow or Wraparound, which is classified as a fundamental weakness in software systems that can lead to severe security implications.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs when the bmp24toimage function processes bitmap files and performs arithmetic operations on image dimensions without proper validation of integer bounds. When an attacker supplies a malicious bmp file containing oversized or negative dimension values, the function calculates memory requirements using these invalid parameters, resulting in an integer overflow that subsequently causes heap-based buffer over-read conditions. The overflow occurs during the conversion process where the system attempts to allocate memory for image data based on computed dimensions that exceed the maximum representable integer values. This leads to unpredictable memory access patterns that can cause application crashes and system instability.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability creates significant risks for systems that process or convert bitmap images, particularly those exposed to untrusted input sources such as web applications, file upload systems, or image processing pipelines. The remote attack vector means that adversaries can exploit this weakness without requiring local access to the target system, making it particularly dangerous for web-facing services. The heap-based buffer over-read condition can result in application crashes, memory corruption, and potential information disclosure depending on the system's memory management behavior. Systems utilizing OpenJPEG for image processing, including content management systems, digital asset management platforms, and multimedia applications, face elevated risk when running vulnerable versions of the library.
Organizations should prioritize immediate mitigation through updating to OpenJPEG version 2.2.0 or later, which includes patches addressing the integer overflow conditions in the bmp24toimage function. Additionally, implementing input validation measures that sanitize image file dimensions before processing can provide additional defense-in-depth. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper integer overflow protection in image processing libraries and aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203 for Exploitation for Client Execution. Security teams should also consider implementing network-based intrusion detection systems that can identify attempts to access vulnerable image processing endpoints and establish monitoring for unusual application crash patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts.