CVE-2016-10509 in OpenCart
Summary
by MITRE
SQL injection vulnerability in the updateAmazonOrderTracking function in upload/admin/model/openbay/amazon.php in OpenCart before version 2.3.0.0 allows remote authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary SQL commands via a carrier (aka courier_id) parameter to openbay.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/27/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-10509 represents a critical SQL injection flaw within the OpenCart e-commerce platform that affects versions prior to 2.3.0.0. This vulnerability resides in the updateAmazonOrderTracking function located within the upload/admin/model/openbay/amazon.php file, making it accessible through the openbay.php endpoint. The flaw specifically targets the carrier parameter, also known as courier_id, which is processed without proper input validation or sanitization. This allows authenticated administrative users to manipulate the database through maliciously crafted SQL commands, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper parameter handling within the OpenCart framework's integration with Amazon order tracking functionality. When administrators access the Amazon order tracking update feature, the courier_id parameter is directly incorporated into SQL queries without adequate sanitization or prepared statement usage. This design flaw aligns with CWE-89, which categorizes SQL injection vulnerabilities as a result of insufficient input validation and improper use of database APIs. The vulnerability operates at the application layer and requires authentication, making it a privilege escalation issue that can be exploited by malicious administrators with existing access credentials.
Operationally, this vulnerability presents significant risks to e-commerce systems using affected OpenCart versions. An authenticated administrator with access to the Amazon order tracking functionality can execute arbitrary SQL commands, potentially leading to data exfiltration, unauthorized data modification, or complete database compromise. Attackers could exploit this vulnerability to escalate privileges, access sensitive customer information, modify order statuses, or even gain access to other administrative functions within the system. The impact extends beyond immediate data compromise as the vulnerability could enable attackers to establish persistent access or facilitate further attacks against the broader network infrastructure. This type of vulnerability falls under ATT&CK technique T1078 which covers valid accounts and T1046 which involves network service scanning, as attackers might use this vulnerability to move laterally within compromised systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2016-10509 primarily involve upgrading to OpenCart version 2.3.0.0 or later, which contains the necessary patches to address the SQL injection vulnerability. Organizations should also implement immediate security measures including restricting administrative access, monitoring for suspicious activities, and ensuring proper input validation is in place for all user-supplied data. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls and database activity monitoring can provide additional layers of protection against exploitation attempts. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify similar issues within the application codebase, as this vulnerability demonstrates the importance of proper parameter handling and input validation in preventing database compromise. The fix implemented in version 2.3.0.0 likely involves proper parameter binding or escaping mechanisms to prevent malicious SQL code from being executed within the database context.