CVE-2016-1195 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
Open redirect vulnerability in Cybozu Garoon 3.x and 4.x before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted URL.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/24/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-1195 represents a critical open redirect flaw discovered in Cybozu Garoon versions 3.x and 4.x prior to 4.2.1. This security weakness enables remote attackers to manipulate user navigation by crafting malicious URLs that redirect victims to arbitrary web destinations. The affected software platform serves as a collaboration and workflow management system widely used in enterprise environments, making this vulnerability particularly concerning for organizations relying on its functionality. The flaw resides in the application's handling of redirect parameters within its web interface, where insufficient input validation permits attackers to inject malicious redirect targets that bypass normal security controls.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate sanitization of redirect URLs within the application's parameter processing logic. When users encounter links or navigation elements that trigger redirects, the system fails to properly validate or sanitize the target URLs before executing the redirect operation. This allows attackers to construct URLs containing malicious redirect parameters that point to phishing sites or other attacker-controlled resources. The vulnerability specifically affects the way the application processes redirect requests, enabling attackers to exploit the lack of proper URL validation mechanisms that should normally restrict redirects to trusted domains only. This weakness creates a pathway for social engineering attacks where legitimate users are deceived into visiting malicious sites under the guise of trusted applications.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple phishing attacks to encompass broader security implications for enterprise environments. Organizations utilizing Cybozu Garoon systems face significant risks including credential theft, data exfiltration, and compromise of sensitive business information. Attackers can craft convincing phishing pages that appear legitimate to users interacting with the Garoon application, potentially leading to unauthorized access to corporate networks and systems. The vulnerability's remote nature means attackers can exploit it without requiring physical access or local system compromise, making it particularly dangerous in networked environments. Additionally, the widespread adoption of Garoon in enterprise settings amplifies the potential damage, as successful exploitation could affect multiple users simultaneously across different departments or business units.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigation strategies including applying the vendor-provided patch version 4.2.1 or later to address the vulnerability. Network administrators should consider implementing URL filtering and monitoring solutions to detect and block suspicious redirect patterns in real-time. Security teams should conduct comprehensive assessments of their Garoon deployments to identify any potential exploitation attempts and establish monitoring procedures for anomalous redirect activities. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-601 open redirect weakness classification and maps to attack techniques within the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the 'Initial Access' and 'Credential Access' domains. Organizations should also review their incident response procedures to ensure preparedness for potential phishing campaigns leveraging this vulnerability, while implementing user education programs to recognize and report suspicious navigation patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts.