CVE-2016-1197 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Cybozu Garoon 4.x before 4.2.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-7775.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/31/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2016-1197 represents a cross-site scripting flaw within Cybozu Garoon 4.x software versions prior to 4.2.1, constituting a critical security weakness that enables remote attackers to execute malicious web scripts or HTML content within the context of affected user sessions. This vulnerability operates as a persistent XSS vector that can be exploited through unspecified attack vectors, distinguishing it from the related CVE-2015-7775 which addressed different exploitation methods within the same product line. The flaw resides in the application's insufficient input validation and output encoding mechanisms, allowing malicious actors to inject malicious code that executes when other users view affected web pages or interact with the application's interface.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate sanitization of user-supplied input data within the Garoon 4.x application framework. When users submit content or interact with various application modules, the system fails to properly validate or encode the incoming data before rendering it in web responses. This insufficient data validation creates an opening for attackers to embed malicious JavaScript code, HTML tags, or other potentially harmful content within the application's user interface elements. The vulnerability's impact is amplified by the fact that it affects multiple vectors within the application, making it difficult to predict or fully mitigate all potential attack paths without comprehensive input validation measures.
From an operational standpoint, this XSS vulnerability poses significant risks to organizations utilizing Cybozu Garoon 4.x systems, as it can lead to session hijacking, credential theft, data exfiltration, and unauthorized access to sensitive corporate information. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to steal user session cookies, redirect victims to malicious websites, or inject backdoors that maintain persistent access to the compromised systems. The remote nature of the attack means that threat actors can exploit this vulnerability from anywhere on the internet without requiring physical access to the network or systems. The vulnerability also creates potential for lateral movement within corporate networks, as compromised user sessions may provide access to additional resources or applications connected to the same infrastructure.
Organizations affected by CVE-2016-1197 should implement immediate mitigations including upgrading to Cybozu Garoon 4.2.1 or later versions where the vulnerability has been patched. The fix typically involves implementing robust input validation, output encoding, and proper sanitization of user-supplied data before rendering it in web interfaces. Additionally, organizations should deploy web application firewalls, implement content security policies, and conduct regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities within their web applications. This vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross-site scripting flaws in software applications, and maps to ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for script injection attacks that leverage web application vulnerabilities. The remediation process should also include user education regarding suspicious web content and regular security training to prevent social engineering attacks that may exploit this vulnerability.