CVE-2017-5256 in ePMP
Summary
by MITRE
In version 3.5 and prior of Cambium Networks ePMP firmware, all authenticated users have the ability to update the Device Name and System Description fields in the web administration console, and those fields are vulnerable to persistent cross-site scripting (XSS) injection.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/17/2019
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2017-5256 affects Cambium Networks ePMP firmware versions 3.5 and earlier, representing a significant security flaw that undermines the integrity of network device management interfaces. This issue stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms within the web administration console, specifically targeting fields used for device identification and system description. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it affects all authenticated users, meaning that any individual with valid login credentials can exploit this weakness without requiring elevated privileges or specialized attack capabilities. The flaw exists within the device management interface where user-supplied data is not properly sanitized before being rendered back to users, creating an environment ripe for malicious code injection.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through persistent cross-site scripting injection attacks, where malicious actors can inject malicious scripts into the Device Name and System Description fields. When other users navigate to pages displaying these fields, the injected scripts execute in their browsers, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or redirection to malicious websites. This type of vulnerability is categorized under CWE-79 as Cross-Site Scripting, specifically representing a persistent XSS variant where the malicious payload is stored on the server and executed repeatedly. The vulnerability's persistence means that the malicious code remains active until manually removed by administrators, creating a long-term security risk for network environments. The attack surface is amplified by the fact that these fields are commonly used for device identification and documentation purposes, making them prime targets for attackers seeking to establish footholds within network infrastructure.
The operational impact of CVE-2017-5256 extends beyond simple script execution, as it creates potential pathways for broader network compromise and persistent threats. Network administrators who regularly interact with the web console may unknowingly execute malicious code when viewing device information, potentially leading to unauthorized access to network resources. The vulnerability's exploitation can result in data exfiltration, man-in-the-middle attacks, or the establishment of backdoors within the network infrastructure. This weakness directly impacts the security posture of organizations relying on Cambium Networks equipment, as it undermines the trust model of the device management interface and creates opportunities for attackers to escalate privileges through session manipulation. The vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.007 for Command and Scripting Interpreter, specifically targeting web-based scripting environments where user input is not properly validated. Organizations using affected firmware versions face increased risk of supply chain attacks, as attackers can leverage this vulnerability to maintain persistent access to network devices and potentially move laterally within compromised environments.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2017-5256 should prioritize immediate firmware updates to versions that address the XSS vulnerability and implement comprehensive input validation measures. Organizations must ensure that all user-supplied data within web administration interfaces undergoes strict sanitization and encoding before being stored or rendered. Network administrators should consider implementing additional security controls such as web application firewalls and regular security assessments of device management interfaces. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure coding practices and input validation as fundamental security controls, particularly within network infrastructure management systems. Regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing of network device interfaces should be conducted to identify similar weaknesses in other equipment. Additionally, implementing network segmentation and access controls can limit the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts, while maintaining detailed audit logs of configuration changes can aid in detecting unauthorized modifications to device identification fields. Organizations should also consider implementing security awareness training for network administrators to recognize potential indicators of XSS attacks and maintain updated security policies for device management interfaces.