CVE-2018-16178 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
Cybozu Garoon 3.0.0 to 4.10.0 allows remote attackers to bypass access restriction to view information available only for a sign-on user via Single sign-on function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/27/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-16178 affects Cybozu Garoon versions 3.0.0 through 4.10.0, representing a critical authorization bypass flaw that undermines the security of the single sign-on functionality. This issue allows remote attackers to access user-specific information that should only be available to authenticated users within the system. The flaw specifically targets the session management and access control mechanisms that are fundamental to maintaining user privacy and data integrity in collaborative software environments.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper validation of user sessions and authentication states within the single sign-on framework. When users authenticate through the Garoon system, the application should maintain strict session boundaries that prevent unauthorized access to resources. However, the flaw enables attackers to manipulate session tokens or authentication states to gain access to information that is restricted to specific user accounts. This represents a direct violation of the principle of least privilege and demonstrates a failure in the access control enforcement mechanisms.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risks to organizations using Cybozu Garoon as their collaboration platform. Attackers could potentially access sensitive personal information, business data, calendar entries, and communication records of other users without proper authentication. The remote nature of the exploit means that attackers do not require physical access to the network or system, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous in distributed work environments where users may access the system from various locations. The impact extends beyond simple information disclosure to potential data breaches that could compromise business operations and user privacy.
The vulnerability aligns with CWE-285, which addresses improper authorization issues in software systems, and represents a clear violation of the access control principles that form the foundation of secure application design. From an attacker's perspective, this flaw maps to the privilege escalation and information disclosure techniques described in the MITRE ATT&CK framework, specifically targeting the 'T1078' technique for valid accounts and 'T1069' for permission groups. Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including updating to patched versions of the software, implementing additional session validation controls, and monitoring for unauthorized access attempts. The remediation process should also involve reviewing and strengthening the overall authentication and authorization mechanisms to prevent similar issues in other components of the system architecture.