CVE-2018-19067 in Foscam
Summary
by MITRE
An issue was discovered on Foscam C2 devices with System Firmware 1.11.1.8 and Application Firmware 2.72.1.32, and Opticam i5 devices with System Firmware 1.5.2.11 and Application Firmware 2.21.1.128. There is a hardcoded Ak47@99 password for the factory~ account.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/10/2020
This vulnerability affects Foscam C2 and Opticam i5 security cameras where a hardcoded password has been embedded in the firmware, creating a persistent backdoor access vector. The specific credential ak47@99 for the factory~ account represents a critical security flaw that allows unauthorized users to gain administrative access to these devices without requiring any authentication. This issue stems from poor secure coding practices and inadequate security testing during the firmware development lifecycle, directly violating security principles outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity frameworks.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves a hardcoded credential that is embedded within the device firmware itself, making it impossible to change or remove through normal operational procedures. This type of flaw falls under CWE-798, which specifically addresses the use of hard-coded credentials in software applications. The persistence of such credentials across device updates and deployments makes this vulnerability particularly dangerous as it remains active regardless of user configuration changes or security patches applied to the system.
Operationally, this vulnerability enables attackers to establish persistent unauthorized access to security camera systems, potentially compromising entire network infrastructures where these devices are deployed. The factory~ account typically possesses elevated privileges and full administrative capabilities, allowing threat actors to modify device configurations, disable security features, access stored video footage, and potentially use the compromised devices as entry points for lateral movement within corporate networks. This aligns with ATT&CK technique T1078.004 which covers valid accounts used for lateral movement and privilege escalation.
The impact extends beyond individual device compromise to potential enterprise-wide security breaches, particularly in environments where these cameras are integrated into larger security ecosystems. Organizations may unknowingly maintain compromised devices that serve as persistent access points for attackers, undermining the security posture of their overall network infrastructure. Mitigation strategies should include immediate firmware updates from manufacturers, network segmentation to isolate affected devices, and comprehensive security audits to identify other potential hardcoded credentials. Additionally, security teams should implement continuous monitoring for unauthorized access attempts and establish incident response procedures specifically addressing compromised IoT device scenarios.