CVE-2018-5807 in LibRaw
Summary
by MITRE
An error within the "samsung_load_raw()" function (internal/dcraw_common.cpp) in LibRaw versions prior to 0.18.9 can be exploited to cause an out-of-bounds read memory access and subsequently cause a crash.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/13/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2018-5807 resides within the LibRaw library, a widely used open-source software for processing digital camera raw image files. This library serves as a critical component in numerous photography applications, image editors, and digital asset management systems across various operating systems. The flaw specifically manifests in the samsung_load_raw() function located in the internal/dcraw_common.cpp source file, where improper input validation leads to predictable memory access violations. This issue affects all LibRaw versions prior to 0.18.9, making it a significant concern for any system utilizing vulnerable library versions in their image processing pipelines.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate bounds checking within the samsung_load_raw() function, which processes raw image data from Samsung digital cameras. When processing malformed or specially crafted raw image files, the function fails to properly validate array indices or buffer limits before accessing memory locations. This oversight creates a scenario where an attacker can construct a malicious raw image file that triggers an out-of-bounds memory read operation. The vulnerability is classified as a memory safety error and maps to CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read, which is a common class of vulnerabilities in C/C++ applications where array access exceeds allocated memory boundaries.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial-of-service conditions, as it can potentially be leveraged for more sophisticated attacks within the context of the affected applications. When triggered, the out-of-bounds read causes the application to crash or terminate unexpectedly, disrupting normal image processing workflows and potentially leading to data loss or system instability. Given that LibRaw is integrated into numerous third-party applications including Adobe Lightroom, GIMP, and various camera raw processing tools, a successful exploitation could affect a broad user base. The vulnerability's exploitation requires minimal privileges and can be achieved through simple file manipulation, making it particularly dangerous in environments where users process untrusted image files.
From a cybersecurity perspective, this vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203: Exploitation for Client Execution, as it represents a software exploitation vector that can be used to compromise application integrity. The vulnerability also demonstrates characteristics of T1059: Command and Scripting Interpreter, where malicious input can cause unintended program behavior. Organizations should prioritize updating their LibRaw installations to version 0.18.9 or later, as this release includes the necessary patches to address the bounds checking deficiencies. Additionally, implementing proper input validation and sanitization measures in applications that utilize LibRaw can provide additional defense-in-depth layers. System administrators should also consider monitoring for unusual application crashes or memory access patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, while security teams should ensure their vulnerability management processes include regular updates to third-party libraries and components.