CVE-2019-0806 in Edge
Summary
by MITRE
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka 'Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0810, CVE-2019-0812, CVE-2019-0829, CVE-2019-0860, CVE-2019-0861.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/27/2023
The vulnerability described in CVE-2019-0806 represents a critical memory corruption flaw within Microsoft Edge's Chakra scripting engine that enables remote code execution. This vulnerability specifically manifests when the Chakra engine processes certain object interactions in memory, creating conditions where malicious actors can manipulate memory structures to execute arbitrary code on affected systems. The issue affects Microsoft Edge browsers and is particularly concerning due to its remote exploitation potential, allowing attackers to compromise systems without physical access or user interaction beyond visiting a malicious webpage.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability lies in improper memory management within the Chakra scripting engine's object handling mechanisms. When the engine processes specific JavaScript objects and their interactions, it fails to properly validate memory boundaries and object references, leading to memory corruption that can be exploited to overwrite critical memory locations. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-125 vulnerability category, which describes out-of-bounds read conditions that can lead to memory corruption and arbitrary code execution. The flaw demonstrates characteristics of heap-based buffer overflow conditions where attacker-controlled data can influence memory layout and execution flow.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risk to enterprise environments and individual users alike. Attackers can leverage this flaw through malicious websites or web-based phishing campaigns, requiring no user interaction beyond visiting compromised content. The exploitability is enhanced by the fact that modern browsers like Microsoft Edge are frequently used for web browsing, making this attack vector highly effective for widespread compromise. The vulnerability's classification as remote code execution means that successful exploitation can result in full system compromise, allowing attackers to install malware, steal sensitive data, or establish persistent access to affected systems. This aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203, which covers exploitation for execution through browser-based attacks.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including applying the relevant Microsoft security updates and patches released in response to this vulnerability. Browser hardening measures such as enabling sandboxing features and restricting browser access to sensitive system resources can help reduce the impact of successful exploitation attempts. Network-based protections including web application firewalls and content filtering solutions can provide additional layers of defense by blocking access to known malicious domains and content. Security monitoring should focus on detecting unusual browser behavior, memory access patterns, and network connections that might indicate exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's relationship to the broader Chakra engine family of issues means that organizations should also consider the potential for similar flaws in other components of the Microsoft Edge browser architecture and maintain comprehensive patch management processes to address related vulnerabilities.