CVE-2019-15480 in Domoticz
Summary
by MITRE
Domoticz 4.10717 has XSS via item.Name.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/01/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-15480 affects Domoticz version 4.10717 and represents a cross-site scripting flaw that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts through the item.Name parameter. This vulnerability resides within the web interface of the Domoticz home automation platform, which is widely used for managing smart home devices and systems. The flaw specifically targets the way the application processes and displays user-provided names for items within its interface, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of other users' browsers.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding within the Domoticz web application. When users create or modify items within the system, they can assign custom names to these items through the item.Name parameter. The application fails to properly sanitize or escape this input before rendering it in the HTML output, allowing attackers to inject malicious script payloads that can be executed when other users view the affected pages. This type of vulnerability falls under the CWE-79 category of Cross-Site Scripting, specifically representing a reflected XSS variant where the malicious payload is embedded in the URL or form data and executed during page rendering.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it can enable attackers to perform a range of malicious activities within the compromised user's browser context. An attacker could potentially steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious websites, modify the displayed content of the Domoticz interface, or even escalate privileges if the application lacks proper access controls. Given that Domoticz systems often manage critical home automation functions including security systems, lighting controls, and environmental monitoring, the potential for exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to physical security systems or manipulation of environmental controls. The vulnerability is particularly concerning in environments where multiple users share the same Domoticz installation, as a single compromised user could affect the entire system's integrity.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2019-15480 should prioritize immediate patching of the affected Domoticz version to the latest stable release that addresses the XSS vulnerability. Organizations should implement proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application to prevent similar issues in the future. The implementation of Content Security Policy headers can provide additional defense-in-depth measures to limit script execution capabilities even if XSS attacks were to occur. Regular security audits and penetration testing of home automation systems are essential to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. Network segmentation and access control measures should be enforced to limit the potential impact of such vulnerabilities, particularly in critical infrastructure environments where Domoticz systems may be integrated with security or industrial control systems. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of adhering to secure coding practices and following the OWASP Top Ten security guidelines for web application development, particularly focusing on input validation and output encoding as fundamental security controls.