CVE-2019-7351 in ZoneMinder
Summary
by MITRE
Log Injection exists in ZoneMinder through 1.32.3, as an attacker can entice the victim to visit a specially crafted link, which in turn will inject a custom Log message provided by the attacker in the 'log' view page, as demonstrated by the message=User%20'admin'%20Logged%20in value.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/06/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2019-7351 represents a log injection flaw affecting ZoneMinder versions up to 1.32.3, classified under CWE-117 in the Common Weakness Enumeration catalog. This security weakness occurs when an application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into log messages, creating a pathway for malicious actors to manipulate the logging system. The vulnerability specifically manifests in the 'log' view page functionality where user-controlled data is directly processed without adequate sanitization measures, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary log entries that appear legitimate within the system's audit trails.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability involves crafting malicious URLs that contain specially formatted log messages, as demonstrated by the example showing User'admin'%20Logged%20in value. This injection occurs because ZoneMinder does not adequately validate or escape user input before displaying it in the log viewer interface, enabling attackers to manipulate log entries to appear as legitimate system events. The attack vector leverages the principle of cross-site scripting in the logging context, where the malicious payload is executed within the victim's browser when they navigate to the crafted link, ultimately resulting in the injection of unauthorized log messages into the system's logging infrastructure.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple log manipulation, as it can be leveraged to obfuscate legitimate system activities, create false audit trails, and potentially facilitate more sophisticated attacks. Attackers can use this technique to mask their actual activities by injecting false log entries that appear to be normal system operations, making it difficult for administrators to detect malicious behavior through standard log analysis procedures. This vulnerability particularly affects security monitoring and incident response capabilities, as it undermines the integrity of system logs that are critical for forensic analysis and compliance auditing.
Organizations implementing ZoneMinder systems should prioritize immediate patching of affected versions to address this vulnerability, as the log injection capability can be exploited to create misleading audit trails that compromise system security posture. The remediation approach should focus on input validation and output encoding mechanisms that prevent user-supplied data from being interpreted as log message formatting directives. Security controls should include implementing proper sanitization of all user inputs before logging, employing parameterized logging functions, and establishing monitoring procedures that can detect anomalous log injection patterns. Additionally, administrators should consider implementing log integrity checks and regular audit procedures to identify potential log manipulation attempts that could indicate exploitation of this vulnerability.
This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1070.002 which covers the manipulation of log data, and represents a critical weakness in application security that demonstrates the importance of proper input sanitization and output encoding practices. The vulnerability highlights the need for comprehensive security testing that includes validation of logging mechanisms and user input handling across all application components, particularly in systems where audit trails are critical for security monitoring and compliance requirements.