CVE-2020-0521 in Graphics Drivers
Summary
by MITRE • 02/17/2021
Insufficient control flow management in some Intel(R) Graphics Drivers before version 15.45.32.5145 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/02/2021
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-0521 represents a critical control flow management weakness within Intel Graphics Drivers, specifically affecting versions prior to 15.45.32.5145. This flaw resides in the graphics driver component that manages the execution flow of graphics processing unit operations, creating potential pathways for malicious actors to manipulate the normal execution sequence of driver functions. The vulnerability classification aligns with CWE-391, which encompasses insufficient control flow management issues that can lead to privilege escalation scenarios. The affected Intel graphics drivers operate at a low system level where they handle graphics processing tasks, making them prime targets for attackers seeking to elevate their privileges within the operating system environment.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate validation of control flow within the graphics driver's execution environment. When an authenticated user accesses the system, the driver's control flow management mechanisms fail to properly validate the execution path of graphics-related operations, potentially allowing crafted inputs or sequences to redirect the normal program execution. This mismanagement creates opportunities for attackers to manipulate the driver's behavior through local access methods, exploiting the inherent trust placed in graphics driver components during normal system operations. The vulnerability specifically impacts the driver's ability to maintain proper execution boundaries, which can result in unauthorized code execution or privilege elevation within the graphics processing context.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risks to enterprise environments where Intel graphics drivers are widely deployed across multiple platforms. The authenticated local access requirement means that attackers must first establish a foothold on the target system, typically through legitimate user credentials or other initial compromise vectors. However, once access is gained, the vulnerability enables attackers to leverage the graphics driver's elevated privileges to escalate their access level within the system. This privilege escalation capability can potentially lead to full system compromise, as graphics drivers often operate with elevated permissions to manage hardware resources and access low-level system functions. The attack surface is particularly concerning in environments where users may have legitimate access to systems but could be compromised through social engineering or credential theft attacks.
The mitigation strategies for CVE-2020-0521 primarily focus on updating to the patched version of Intel Graphics Drivers, specifically version 15.45.32.5145 or later, which addresses the control flow management deficiencies. System administrators should prioritize rolling out these updates across all affected systems, particularly in enterprise environments where multiple graphics drivers may be in use. Additionally, implementing least privilege principles for user accounts can help limit the potential impact of exploitation, as the vulnerability requires authenticated access to function. Network segmentation and monitoring for unusual graphics driver activity can also serve as additional defensive measures. The vulnerability's alignment with ATT&CK technique T1068, which covers 'Exploitation for Privilege Escalation', underscores the importance of maintaining up-to-date driver components as part of comprehensive system hardening strategies. Organizations should also consider implementing automated patch management solutions to ensure timely deployment of security updates across their infrastructure.