CVE-2026-12994 in WCFM Plugin
Summary
by MITRE • 07/11/2026
The WCFM – Frontend Manager for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass in all versions up to, and including, 6.7.27. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform an action. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary reply content into any store inquiry, overwrite the main inquiry record in wp_wcfm_enquiries, and trigger unsolicited notification emails to customers and vendors. Unlike sibling controller branches (wcfm-enquiry and wcfm-enquiry-manage), the wcfm-my-account-enquiry-manage branch performs no is_user_logged_in() or current_user_can() check, and the nonce that serves as the sole barrier is embedded into every public page load without any login gate.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 07/11/2026
The vulnerability identified in the WCFM – Frontend Manager for WooCommerce plugin represents a critical authorization bypass flaw that affects all versions up to and including 6.7.27. This issue stems from inadequate user authentication verification mechanisms within the plugin's codebase, specifically within the wcfm-my-account-enquiry-manage branch of the application's controller structure. The flaw exists because the plugin fails to implement proper access control checks that would normally validate user credentials and permissions before allowing sensitive operations to proceed. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it affects a core functionality component that handles store inquiries and customer communications, creating potential pathways for malicious actors to manipulate the system's inquiry management processes.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability occurs through the absence of essential authentication functions such as is_user_logged_in() or current_user_can() checks within the targeted code branch. This omission allows unauthenticated attackers to exploit the system by injecting arbitrary reply content into store inquiries, effectively compromising the integrity of customer communication channels. The flaw extends beyond simple data injection as it enables attackers to overwrite existing inquiry records in the wp_wcfm_enquiries database table, creating persistent modifications that could go unnoticed for extended periods. Additionally, the vulnerability permits the triggering of unsolicited notification emails to both customers and vendors, potentially leading to spamming campaigns or social engineering attacks that leverage the legitimate communication infrastructure of the affected e-commerce platform.
The operational impact of this authorization bypass vulnerability extends far beyond simple data manipulation capabilities and presents significant risks to business operations and customer trust. Attackers can exploit this flaw to inject malicious content into store inquiries, potentially including phishing links or false information that could mislead customers and damage brand reputation. The ability to overwrite inquiry records creates a persistent threat vector where malicious modifications remain in the database until manually discovered and corrected, potentially affecting ongoing customer service interactions and business communications. Furthermore, the automated email notification triggering mechanism provides attackers with a potential spamming capability that could overwhelm customer communication channels while simultaneously using the legitimate platform infrastructure to conduct unauthorized outreach activities.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-863, which addresses "Incorrect Authorization" in software systems, and represents a clear violation of proper access control implementation principles. The flaw demonstrates poor security design practices where authentication mechanisms are either completely absent or insufficiently enforced within specific code paths of the application. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to T1078 for Valid Accounts and T1566 for Phishing, as it enables attackers to leverage legitimate system functionality to conduct unauthorized activities while potentially using compromised accounts or impersonation techniques. The embedded nonce mechanism that serves as the only barrier to this attack is fundamentally flawed because it is accessible without proper authentication requirements, making it ineffective as a security control.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both immediate remediation and long-term architectural improvements to prevent similar issues in future implementations. The most critical immediate action involves updating to a patched version of the WCFM plugin that implements proper user authentication checks and removes the flawed nonce implementation from public page loads. Organizations should also implement additional monitoring mechanisms to detect unauthorized modifications to inquiry records and anomalous email notification patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts. Network-level security controls including firewall rules and access restrictions for sensitive endpoints can provide additional defense-in-depth layers. Regular security audits of WordPress plugins and themes should be conducted to identify similar authorization bypass vulnerabilities, with particular attention to controller branches that handle user-facing administrative functions. The implementation of proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms can further reduce the impact of any remaining vulnerabilities while ensuring that legitimate user interactions maintain their intended functionality without exposing the system to unauthorized modifications.