CVE-2020-14784 in BI Publisher
Summary
by MITRE • 10/21/2020
Vulnerability in the Oracle BI Publisher product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Mobile Service). Supported versions that are affected are 11.1.1.9.0, 12.2.1.3.0 and 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle BI Publisher. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle BI Publisher, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle BI Publisher accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle BI Publisher accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.2 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/24/2020
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-14784 represents a critical security flaw within Oracle BI Publisher's Mobile Service component of Oracle Fusion Middleware. This vulnerability affects specific version ranges including 11.1.1.9.0, 12.2.1.3.0, and 12.2.1.4.0, making it a widespread concern for organizations utilizing these middleware versions. The vulnerability classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers can leverage this weakness without requiring specialized tools or extensive technical knowledge, significantly increasing the risk to affected systems.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient authentication mechanisms within the Mobile Service component, allowing unauthenticated attackers to gain access through standard HTTP network connections. This weakness creates a pathway for malicious actors to compromise the Oracle BI Publisher system without requiring valid credentials or privileged access. The CVSS 3.1 scoring system rates this vulnerability at 8.2, reflecting high severity with significant impacts to confidentiality and moderate impacts to integrity, as indicated by the vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N). The network accessibility requirement means that attackers can exploit this vulnerability from remote locations without physical access to the target system.
The operational impact of CVE-2020-14784 extends beyond the immediate compromise of Oracle BI Publisher, as successful exploitation can result in unauthorized access to critical data and complete access to all data accessible through the vulnerable system. Attackers can potentially gain unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to sensitive information, creating both data exfiltration risks and potential data corruption scenarios. The requirement for human interaction from a person other than the attacker suggests that while the initial exploitation may be automated, social engineering or user-based attacks might be necessary to complete the compromise, making this vulnerability particularly dangerous in environments where user interaction is common.
Organizations affected by this vulnerability should implement immediate mitigations including network segmentation to restrict access to the vulnerable Mobile Service component, deployment of web application firewalls to monitor and filter HTTP traffic, and implementation of strong authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability's classification under CWE 287 (Improper Handling of Authentication Errors) and its alignment with ATT&CK technique T1078 (Valid Accounts) highlights the need for comprehensive security measures that address both authentication weaknesses and potential lateral movement within affected networks. Regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning should be conducted to identify and remediate similar weaknesses in other Oracle Fusion Middleware components that may be susceptible to similar attack vectors.