CVE-2020-23685 in 188Jianzhan
Summary
by MITRE • 11/02/2021
SQL Injection vulnerability in 188Jianzhan v2.1.0, allows attackers to execute arbitrary code and gain escalated privileges, via the username parameter to login.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 11/06/2021
The SQL injection vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-23685 affects the 188Jianzhan v2.1.0 web application, representing a critical security flaw that undermines the authentication mechanism and potentially compromises the entire system. This vulnerability resides within the login.php script where the username parameter is processed without adequate input validation or sanitization, creating an exploitable entry point for malicious actors seeking unauthorized access to the platform. The flaw manifests as a classic SQL injection attack vector where attacker-controlled input can manipulate the underlying database query structure and execution flow.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from improper handling of user-supplied data within the authentication routine. When a user submits a username through the login interface, the application directly incorporates this input into SQL query construction without employing parameterized queries or adequate input filtering mechanisms. This design flaw allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code through the username field, potentially bypassing authentication controls and executing arbitrary database commands. The vulnerability is classified as a CWE-89 - SQL Injection according to the Common Weakness Enumeration catalog, which specifically addresses the improper handling of SQL command construction and execution.
The operational impact of CVE-2020-23685 extends beyond simple unauthorized access, as successful exploitation can lead to complete system compromise and privilege escalation. Attackers can leverage this vulnerability to extract sensitive data from the database including user credentials, personal information, and application configuration details. The ability to execute arbitrary code through database manipulation opens pathways for attackers to escalate privileges, install backdoors, or conduct further reconnaissance against the network infrastructure. This vulnerability directly aligns with ATT&CK technique T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, which describes how adversaries target vulnerabilities in externally accessible applications to gain initial access and establish persistent presence within target environments.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both immediate remediation and long-term security hardening measures. The primary solution involves implementing proper input validation and sanitization techniques, specifically utilizing parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent malicious SQL code injection. Organizations should also implement proper authentication controls including account lockout mechanisms, rate limiting, and multi-factor authentication to reduce the attack surface. Additionally, regular security assessments and code reviews should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components. The implementation of web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems can provide additional layers of protection against exploitation attempts. Security patches should be applied immediately upon availability, and the application should be configured to follow secure coding practices as outlined in OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity guidelines to prevent similar vulnerabilities from emerging in future releases.