CVE-2020-2510 in Database Server
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Core RDBMS component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 11.2.0.4, 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c and 19c. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via OracleNet to compromise Core RDBMS. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Core RDBMS. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/21/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2510 represents a significant security flaw within Oracle Database Server's Core RDBMS component that affects multiple version lines including 11.2.0.4, 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c, and 19c. This vulnerability operates at the network level through OracleNet protocol, making it accessible to unauthenticated attackers who can exploit it remotely. The CVSS score of 7.5 indicates a high-severity threat with impacts spanning confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability's classification as difficult to exploit suggests that while the attack vector is accessible, it requires specific conditions and circumstances to be successfully executed. The fact that human interaction is required from someone other than the attacker indicates that the exploit may involve social engineering elements or require additional prerequisites beyond simple network access.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from weaknesses in how Oracle Database Server processes network communications through OracleNet, which serves as the primary network communication layer for database connections. This flaw allows an attacker to potentially gain complete control over the affected database system, representing a critical compromise of database security. The attack requires network access to the database server, making it particularly dangerous in environments where database servers are accessible from untrusted networks or when proper network segmentation is not implemented. The vulnerability's designations as CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H clearly indicate that it operates over a network without requiring authentication, but with high attack complexity, and requires user interaction for successful exploitation.
From an operational impact perspective, successful exploitation of CVE-2020-2510 could result in complete takeover of the Core RDBMS, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code, access sensitive data, modify database contents, and potentially escalate privileges to system-level access. This compromise affects the fundamental integrity of database security, as it provides attackers with direct control over database operations and access to all stored information. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple data theft to include complete system compromise, making it particularly dangerous for organizations that rely heavily on Oracle Database for critical business operations. Organizations may face regulatory compliance issues, data breaches, and significant operational disruption if this vulnerability is successfully exploited.
Security mitigations for CVE-2020-2510 should prioritize immediate patching of affected Oracle Database versions through official Oracle security updates and patches. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit direct network access to database servers, particularly from untrusted networks. The implementation of network monitoring and intrusion detection systems can help identify potential exploitation attempts. Organizations should also consider disabling unnecessary database services and ports, implementing strong authentication mechanisms, and conducting regular security assessments. The vulnerability aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and may map to ATT&CK techniques involving privilege escalation and persistence. Regular security awareness training for system administrators can help prevent social engineering aspects that might be required for exploitation, as the vulnerability requires human interaction from individuals other than the attacker, potentially involving phishing or other deceptive practices to gain access to systems or information that would facilitate the attack.