CVE-2020-2566 in Applications Framework
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Framework product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Attachments / File Upload). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.3 and 12.2.3-12.2.9. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Oracle Applications Framework. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Applications Framework, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Applications Framework accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 4.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/22/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2566 resides within the Oracle Applications Framework component of Oracle E-Business Suite, specifically affecting the Attachments and File Upload functionality. This weakness manifests in versions 12.1.3 and 12.2.3 through 12.2.9, representing a significant security gap that can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers. The vulnerability operates through HTTPS network access, eliminating the need for prior authentication or privileged access, which makes it particularly dangerous in enterprise environments where such systems are often exposed to external networks.
The technical flaw stems from insufficient validation and sanitization of file upload mechanisms within the Oracle Applications Framework, allowing malicious actors to manipulate the file handling processes. This vulnerability operates under the Common Weakness Enumeration framework as CWE-434, which specifically addresses "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type" - a classification that directly applies to this scenario where file uploads are not properly restricted or validated. The weakness enables attackers to potentially upload malicious files that could execute arbitrary code or manipulate system resources, though the current vector requires human interaction to complete the attack chain.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond the immediate Oracle Applications Framework component, as successful exploitation can compromise additional Oracle products within the E-Business Suite ecosystem. Attackers who successfully leverage this vulnerability can achieve unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to data within the framework's accessible boundaries, though the current CVSS score of 4.7 indicates primarily integrity impacts with no direct confidentiality or availability breaches. The requirement for human interaction suggests that while the vulnerability is easily exploitable, it likely requires social engineering or user manipulation to complete the attack, potentially through phishing or malicious link delivery.
Security professionals should implement multiple layers of mitigation for this vulnerability, beginning with immediate patching of affected Oracle E-Business Suite versions to address the underlying file upload validation issues. Network segmentation and access controls should be strengthened to limit exposure of Oracle Applications Framework components to untrusted networks, while implementing web application firewalls to monitor and filter file upload requests. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application, and T1078 - Valid Accounts, as it leverages publicly accessible application interfaces and requires minimal privileges to exploit. Organizations should also consider implementing file type restrictions, content validation, and upload size limits to reduce the attack surface, while establishing monitoring procedures to detect anomalous file upload activities that could indicate exploitation attempts.