CVE-2020-2569 in Database Server
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Applications DBA component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.0.1, 18c and 19c. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Local Logon privilege with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Applications DBA executes to compromise Oracle Applications DBA. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Applications DBA accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Applications DBA. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 3.9 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/21/2024
The vulnerability described in CVE-2020-2569 represents a significant security weakness within Oracle Database Server's Applications DBA component, specifically affecting versions 12.2.0.1, 18c, and 19c. This flaw resides in the database server's administrative functionality and demonstrates how seemingly contained administrative components can pose substantial risks to overall system security. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers with minimal privileges can leverage this weakness to compromise the database environment, making it particularly concerning for organizations that maintain robust database security frameworks. The attack vector requires local logon access to the infrastructure where Oracle Applications DBA executes, suggesting that the vulnerability is most effectively exploited when an attacker already has some level of system access or can gain it through other means.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from inadequate privilege controls within the Oracle Applications DBA component, allowing low-privileged users with local logon capabilities to potentially manipulate database operations. This flaw specifically enables unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to data that the Applications DBA component can reach, creating a pathway for data integrity compromise. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple data modification as it also provides the capability to cause partial denial of service conditions, affecting system availability. The CVSS 3.0 score of 3.9 reflects the balanced nature of this threat, with medium severity in integrity impact and availability impact, while the attack complexity remains low due to the minimal privileges required for exploitation. The vector notation AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L indicates that local access is required, the attack is straightforward to execute, only low privileges are needed, human interaction is necessary from someone other than the attacker, and the scope of impact remains unchanged.
From an operational perspective, this vulnerability creates a significant risk for database administrators who must carefully consider the principle of least privilege when managing database environments. The requirement for human interaction from a person other than the attacker suggests that social engineering or insider threat scenarios could amplify the impact of this vulnerability, making it particularly dangerous in environments where trust relationships are complex. Organizations may find that this vulnerability allows attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data within the database applications, potentially leading to data corruption, information disclosure, or service disruption. The partial denial of service capability means that even if attackers cannot completely disable the database, they can still significantly impair its functionality, affecting business operations and potentially causing financial losses. This vulnerability also represents a potential stepping stone for more extensive attacks, as it provides attackers with a foothold within the database environment that could be used to escalate privileges or access additional systems.
The mitigation strategies for CVE-2020-2569 should focus on implementing strict access controls and monitoring for unauthorized database activities. Organizations should ensure that only authorized personnel have local access to database infrastructure and that all database operations are properly logged and audited. The vulnerability's classification aligns with CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-310 (Cryptographic Issues) categories, indicating that proper privilege management and access controls are essential defensive measures. From an ATT&CK framework perspective, this vulnerability maps to techniques involving privilege escalation and defense evasion, as attackers could use this weakness to maintain persistence within the database environment. Regular patch management and security updates are crucial for addressing this vulnerability, as Oracle has likely released patches to resolve the access control issues within the Applications DBA component. Additionally, implementing network segmentation and database firewalls can help limit the potential impact of such vulnerabilities by restricting access to database systems and monitoring for suspicious activities that could indicate exploitation attempts.