CVE-2020-2568 in Database Server
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Oracle Applications DBA component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c and 19c. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Local Logon privilege with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle Applications DBA executes to compromise Oracle Applications DBA. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Applications DBA accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Applications DBA. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 3.9 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/21/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2568 resides within the Oracle Applications DBA component of Oracle Database Server, representing a significant security weakness that affects multiple version streams including 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c, and 19c. This flaw operates at the intersection of database administration and application security, creating potential entry points for malicious actors who possess local logon privileges. The vulnerability's classification as easily exploitable indicates that attackers can leverage relatively straightforward techniques to gain unauthorized access to sensitive database components, making it particularly concerning for organizations that maintain robust local security controls. The CVSS 3.0 score of 3.9 reflects the moderate severity level, though the combination of integrity and availability impacts suggests that successful exploitation could result in data manipulation and service disruption.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient access controls within the Oracle Applications DBA component, allowing low-privileged users with local logon capabilities to potentially compromise the database administration functions. This represents a privilege escalation issue that aligns with CWE-276, which addresses improper privilege management in software systems. The requirement for human interaction from someone other than the attacker indicates that the exploitation process may involve social engineering elements or require specific user actions to complete the attack vector. This human factor component increases the complexity of the attack but does not eliminate the underlying security flaw. The vulnerability's operational impact extends beyond simple data access, as successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized modification of database records, enabling attackers to insert, update, or delete sensitive information within the Oracle Applications DBA environment.
The security implications of CVE-2020-2568 create substantial risks for organizations relying on Oracle Database Server implementations, particularly those with distributed database architectures where local access controls may be less stringent. The partial denial of service capability means that attackers could potentially disrupt database operations, affecting business continuity and data availability for legitimate users. This vulnerability's impact on integrity and availability directly corresponds to the attack patterns documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework under the privilege escalation and defense evasion techniques. Organizations implementing Oracle Database Server solutions must consider this vulnerability as part of their comprehensive security assessment, particularly when evaluating the security posture of their database administration environments. The CVSS vector analysis reveals that while the attack requires local access, the low complexity and low privilege requirements make this vulnerability accessible to attackers who have already gained initial system foothold through other means.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2020-2568 should focus on implementing comprehensive access control measures and restricting local logon privileges to only essential personnel. Database administrators should review and tighten local access controls, ensuring that users have minimal necessary privileges within the database environment. Oracle recommends applying the appropriate security patches and updates as soon as they become available, which would address the underlying privilege management flaw. Organizations should also implement monitoring solutions to detect unauthorized access attempts and privilege escalation activities within their database environments. The vulnerability's characteristics suggest that regular security audits and privilege reviews would be particularly valuable in identifying potential exploitation vectors. Additionally, implementing network segmentation and access control lists can help limit the potential impact of local access compromises, while maintaining proper logging and audit trails to facilitate incident response activities.