CVE-2020-2631 in Enterprise Manager Base Platform
Summary
by MITRE
Vulnerability in the Enterprise Manager Base Platform product of Oracle Enterprise Manager (component: Application Service Level Mgmt). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.0.5, 13.2.0.0 and 13.3.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Enterprise Manager Base Platform. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Enterprise Manager Base Platform accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Enterprise Manager Base Platform. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.0 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L).
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/22/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-2631 resides within Oracle Enterprise Manager's Base Platform product, specifically within the Application Service Level Mgmt component. This vulnerability affects multiple versions including 12.1.0.5, 13.2.0.0, and 13.3.0.0, representing a significant attack surface for organizations utilizing Oracle's enterprise management solutions. The flaw operates at the application layer and manifests as an easily exploitable vulnerability that requires minimal prerequisites for successful exploitation, making it particularly dangerous in environments where security controls may be insufficient.
The technical nature of this vulnerability stems from insufficient access controls and authentication mechanisms within the Enterprise Manager platform's service management capabilities. Attackers with high privilege levels and network access via HTTP can leverage this weakness to gain unauthorized access to sensitive enterprise data. The vulnerability's classification under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) indicates that the system fails to properly enforce authorization checks when processing requests. The CVSS score of 6.0 reflects the moderate to high severity impact, with confidentiality, integrity, and availability all being compromised. The attack vector AV:N indicates network-based exploitation is possible, while AC:L suggests low complexity to execute the attack, and PR:H demonstrates that only high-privileged attackers can successfully exploit this vulnerability.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, encompassing complete data compromise and service disruption capabilities. Successful exploitation enables attackers to access all accessible data within the Enterprise Manager Base Platform, potentially exposing sensitive configuration details, system credentials, and operational information that could be used for further attacks. The ability to perform unauthorized updates, inserts, or deletions of data creates opportunities for data corruption and manipulation that could severely impact business operations. Additionally, the partial denial of service capability means that attackers can disrupt platform functionality, potentially causing operational downtime that affects enterprise management capabilities and system availability.
Organizations should implement multiple layers of defense to protect against exploitation of this vulnerability. Immediate remediation efforts should focus on applying Oracle's security patches and updates to affected versions, as these typically contain the necessary fixes for access control mechanisms. Network segmentation and firewall rules should be implemented to restrict HTTP access to Enterprise Manager components, particularly limiting access to only trusted administrative networks. The principle of least privilege should be enforced, ensuring that only authorized personnel have high-privileged access to the platform. Regular security monitoring and log analysis should be enhanced to detect anomalous access patterns or unauthorized data modifications that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, implementing network intrusion detection systems and security information event management solutions can provide early warning capabilities for potential exploitation activities.
The vulnerability's characteristics align with ATT&CK techniques related to privilege escalation and credential access, where attackers leverage existing high-privileged accounts to expand their access within the enterprise environment. This represents a critical weakness in Oracle Enterprise Manager's security architecture and underscores the importance of maintaining up-to-date security patches and implementing robust access control policies. Organizations utilizing Oracle Enterprise Manager should conduct comprehensive security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities and strengthen their overall security posture. The incident also highlights the necessity of continuous vulnerability management processes and regular security audits to identify and remediate weaknesses in enterprise management platforms that serve as critical infrastructure components for business operations.