CVE-2020-5563 in Garoon
Summary
by MITRE
Improper authentication vulnerability in Cybozu Garoon 4.0.0 to 4.10.3 allows remote attackers to obtain data in the affected product via the API.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/03/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2020-5563 represents a critical authentication flaw within Cybozu Garoon versions 4.0.0 through 4.10.3, exposing organizations to significant data exposure risks. This issue stems from inadequate validation of authentication tokens and session management within the application's api endpoints, creating a pathway for unauthorized remote access to sensitive information. The affected product serves as a collaboration platform that typically handles confidential business data, making this vulnerability particularly concerning for enterprises relying on its functionality for internal communications and document management.
The technical root cause of this vulnerability lies in the improper handling of authentication mechanisms within the Garoon API interface. Attackers can exploit this weakness by crafting malicious requests that bypass normal authentication checks, allowing them to access protected resources without proper authorization. This flaw operates at the application layer and specifically affects the api endpoints that handle user authentication and data retrieval operations. The vulnerability enables attackers to obtain sensitive data including user credentials, personal information, business documents, and other confidential materials stored within the system. The improper authentication mechanism creates a persistent access vector that remains active until the vulnerability is patched, potentially allowing attackers to maintain long-term unauthorized access to the system.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability poses severe risks to organizations using Cybozu Garoon, as it directly compromises the confidentiality and integrity of stored data. Remote attackers can exploit this weakness to perform data exfiltration, potentially accessing sensitive corporate information, employee records, and business-critical documents. The vulnerability's remote exploitability means that attackers do not require physical access to the network or system, making it particularly dangerous for organizations with limited network segmentation. The impact extends beyond immediate data theft to include potential regulatory compliance violations, reputational damage, and financial losses resulting from data breaches. Organizations may also face increased risk of downstream attacks, as compromised credentials could be used to escalate privileges and access additional systems within the network.
Organizations should implement immediate mitigations including applying the vendor-provided security patches and updates for Cybozu Garoon versions 4.0.0 through 4.10.3 to address this authentication flaw. Network segmentation and access controls should be reviewed to limit exposure of api endpoints to unauthorized users, while enhanced monitoring of api access logs should be implemented to detect suspicious activities. Security teams should conduct thorough assessments of the affected systems, including vulnerability scanning and penetration testing to identify any potential exploitation attempts. The remediation process should also include reviewing and strengthening authentication mechanisms, implementing multi-factor authentication where possible, and establishing proper access controls to limit data exposure. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems to provide additional layers of protection against similar vulnerabilities. This vulnerability aligns with common weakness enumeration CWE-287, which addresses improper authentication issues, and represents a significant concern within the attack surface analysis framework as outlined in the mitre attack matrix for application layer attacks.