CVE-2021-44406 in RLC-410W
Summary
by MITRE • 01/29/2022
A denial of service vulnerability exists in the cgiserver.cgi JSON command parser functionality of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to a reboot. GetAutoFocus param is not object. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/02/2022
This vulnerability resides within the cgiserver.cgi component of reolink RLC-410W firmware version 3.0.0.136_20121102, specifically targeting the JSON command parser functionality that handles HTTP requests. The flaw manifests when processing the GetAutoFocus parameter, where the system fails to properly validate input data types, leading to improper handling of malformed JSON payloads. This represents a classic buffer overflow condition in input validation that can be exploited through crafted HTTP requests containing malformed JSON data.
The technical execution of this vulnerability involves sending a specially crafted HTTP request that manipulates the JSON parser to process the GetAutoFocus parameter in an unexpected manner. The system's failure to properly validate that the parameter should be an object type results in a parsing error that cascades into system instability. According to CWE-20, this vulnerability stems from improper input validation, specifically the lack of proper type checking for JSON parameters. The parsing error ultimately triggers a system reboot, effectively creating a denial of service condition that renders the camera temporarily unavailable.
Operationally, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to surveillance infrastructure deployments where continuous monitoring is critical. An attacker with network access to the device can repeatedly trigger the reboot condition, potentially causing extended periods of service interruption that could compromise security monitoring capabilities. The vulnerability is particularly concerning as it requires no authentication to exploit, making it accessible to anyone who can send HTTP requests to the device. This aligns with ATT&CK technique T1499.004 which covers network denial of service attacks that target network infrastructure components.
Mitigation strategies should prioritize immediate firmware updates from reolink to address the underlying parsing logic flaw. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to restrict HTTP access to the device to authorized personnel only. Additionally, implementing network monitoring to detect unusual reboot patterns or malformed HTTP requests can provide early warning of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of proper input validation in embedded systems and highlights the need for comprehensive security testing of network-facing components in IoT devices. Organizations should also consider implementing intrusion detection systems that can identify and block malicious HTTP request patterns targeting known vulnerabilities in surveillance equipment.