CVE-2022-25080 in A830R
Summary
by MITRE • 02/24/2022
TOTOLink A830R V5.9c.4729_B20191112 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the "Main" function. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the QUERY_STRING parameter.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/26/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-25080 affects the TOTOLink A830R router model running firmware version V5.9c.4729_B20191112 and represents a critical command injection flaw within the device's web interface. This vulnerability resides in the "Main" function of the router's web server implementation, where input validation mechanisms fail to properly sanitize user-supplied data. The specific attack vector involves manipulation of the QUERY_STRING parameter through HTTP requests, which allows an attacker to inject malicious commands directly into the system's command execution pipeline. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input sanitization and improper handling of user-provided parameters within the router's web application framework.
From a technical perspective, this command injection vulnerability operates at the application layer and can be classified under CWE-77 as "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection'). The flaw enables an attacker to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the web server process, which typically runs with elevated permissions on the router. The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it allows for remote code execution without requiring authentication, making it accessible to any attacker who can send HTTP requests to the affected device. The web interface of the router appears to directly incorporate user-supplied query string parameters into system commands without proper escaping or filtering mechanisms.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple command execution capabilities. An attacker can leverage this flaw to gain complete control over the affected router, potentially enabling them to modify network configurations, establish persistent backdoors, access network traffic, or use the device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the local network. The vulnerability can be exploited through simple HTTP GET requests containing malicious payloads in the QUERY_STRING parameter, making it easily exploitable and requiring no specialized tools or extensive knowledge of the target system. This type of vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for Command and Scripting Interpreter, where adversaries execute commands on compromised systems to achieve their objectives.
Security mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should include immediate firmware updates from TOTOLink to address the command injection flaw, network segmentation to limit access to router management interfaces, and implementation of network monitoring to detect suspicious HTTP traffic patterns. Organizations should also consider disabling unnecessary web management interfaces, implementing strong access controls, and regularly auditing router configurations to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. The vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of input validation in web applications and highlights the risks associated with legacy firmware implementations that may not have received adequate security updates or patches. Network administrators should prioritize patching this vulnerability as it represents a significant risk to network security and can lead to complete compromise of the affected device and potentially the entire local network infrastructure.