CVE-2022-25495 in CuppaCMS
Summary
by MITRE • 03/15/2022
The component /jquery_file_upload/server/php/index.php of CuppaCMS v1.0 allows attackers to upload arbitrary files and execute arbitrary code via a crafted PHP file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/18/2022
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-25495 resides within the jquery_file_upload component of CuppaCMS version 1.0, representing a critical security flaw that enables remote code execution through unauthorized file uploads. This vulnerability specifically targets the /jquery_file_upload/server/php/index.php endpoint which serves as the file upload handler for the content management system. The flaw stems from inadequate input validation and sanitization mechanisms that fail to properly restrict file types or validate the content of uploaded files, creating an exploitable pathway for malicious actors to gain control over the affected system.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability demonstrates a classic insecure file upload vulnerability classified under CWE-434, where the application accepts file uploads without sufficient validation of file types, extensions, or content. Attackers can craft malicious PHP files with payloads that bypass the upload restrictions, allowing them to execute arbitrary code on the server. The vulnerability exists due to the lack of proper file type checking, content validation, and secure file storage practices within the upload handler. The system fails to verify that uploaded files conform to expected formats or contain malicious code, enabling attackers to upload PHP shell scripts or other executable payloads that can be triggered through subsequent requests to the server.
Operationally, this vulnerability presents a severe threat to affected systems as it allows attackers to achieve full remote code execution capabilities, potentially leading to complete system compromise. The impact extends beyond simple file upload manipulation, as successful exploitation can result in data theft, system infiltration, privilege escalation, and persistent backdoor establishment. Organizations running CuppaCMS v1.0 are at risk of unauthorized access to sensitive data, service disruption, and potential lateral movement within network environments. The vulnerability's exploitability is heightened by the fact that it requires minimal privileges to execute and can be automated through various attack vectors, making it particularly dangerous in environments with limited security monitoring.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2022-25495 should prioritize immediate patching of the affected CuppaCMS version to address the insecure file upload implementation. Organizations must implement comprehensive file upload validation mechanisms including MIME type checking, file extension filtering, and content-based verification to prevent malicious file uploads. The system should enforce strict file naming conventions, store uploaded files outside the web root directory, and implement proper access controls to prevent execution of uploaded files. Security measures should include regular security audits, input validation enforcement, and monitoring for suspicious file upload activities. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls, network segmentation, and automated vulnerability scanning to detect and prevent exploitation attempts. The remediation process must also include disabling unnecessary file upload functionality where possible and implementing proper logging and alerting mechanisms to detect potential exploitation attempts. According to ATT&CK framework, this vulnerability maps to T1190 (Exploit Public-Facing Application) and T1059 (Command and Scripting Interpreter) tactics, emphasizing the need for layered defensive measures to protect against such attacks.