CVE-2022-30874 in NukeViet
Summary
by MITRE • 06/21/2022
There is a Cross Site Scripting Stored (XSS) vulnerability in NukeViet CMS before 4.5.02.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/22/2022
The CVE-2022-30874 vulnerability represents a critical cross site scripting stored flaw within the NukeViet content management system affecting versions prior to 4.5.02. This vulnerability resides in the CMS's handling of user input within comment sections and other user-generated content fields, creating a persistent security risk that can affect all users of the affected platform. The flaw allows malicious actors to inject malicious scripts that execute in the context of other users' browsers when they view affected content, making it particularly dangerous for web applications that rely heavily on user interaction and community features.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and output encoding mechanisms within the NukeViet CMS core components. Specifically, the system fails to properly sanitize user-supplied data before storing and rendering it within web pages, creating an environment where malicious scripts can be persistently stored in the database and executed whenever legitimate users access the affected content. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which specifically addresses cross site scripting flaws due to insufficient input validation and output encoding. The vulnerability is classified as stored XSS because the malicious payload is stored on the server and executed against users who subsequently access the compromised content, unlike reflected XSS where the payload must be injected through external links or forms.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-30874 extends beyond simple script execution, as it can enable attackers to perform various malicious activities including session hijacking, credential theft, and redirection to malicious websites. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to steal cookies, gain unauthorized access to user accounts, and potentially escalate privileges within the CMS environment. The stored nature of the vulnerability means that once exploited, the malicious scripts remain active until the affected content is deleted or the CMS is updated, creating a persistent threat vector. This vulnerability directly maps to several tactics within the MITRE ATT&CK framework including T1566 for credential access through social engineering and T1071 for application layer protocol usage, particularly web protocols that can be leveraged for data exfiltration.
Organizations utilizing NukeViet CMS versions prior to 4.5.02 should immediately implement comprehensive mitigation strategies to protect their systems and user data. The primary and most effective remediation involves updating to NukeViet CMS version 4.5.02 or later, which includes proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms that prevent the storage and execution of malicious scripts. Additionally, administrators should implement strict content filtering policies, regularly audit user-generated content, and deploy web application firewalls to detect and block suspicious script injections. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of regular security assessments and vulnerability management programs that can identify and remediate similar issues before they can be exploited by malicious actors. Security teams should also consider implementing browser security policies including content security policies and disabling unnecessary user privileges to limit the potential impact of successful XSS attacks.