CVE-2022-39987 in raspap-webgui
Summary
by MITRE • 08/01/2023
A Command injection vulnerability in RaspAP 2.8.0 thru 2.9.2 allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands as root via the "entity" POST parameters in /ajax/networking/get_wgkey.php.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/24/2023
This vulnerability exists within the RaspAP web application version 2.8.0 through 2.9.2, specifically targeting the /ajax/networking/get_wgkey.php endpoint. The flaw represents a critical command injection vulnerability that enables authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands with root privileges. The vulnerability manifests through the improper handling of the "entity" POST parameter, which is directly incorporated into system commands without adequate input validation or sanitization. This allows an attacker who has already established authentication credentials to escalate their privileges and gain full system control. The affected version range indicates a prolonged period during which this vulnerability remained unpatched, potentially exposing numerous installations to exploitation. The command injection occurs at the application level where user-supplied data flows directly into shell execution contexts, creating a direct pathway for malicious command execution.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-77 which specifically addresses command injection flaws in software applications. This weakness allows attackers to inject operating system commands through vulnerable input points, resulting in arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the executing process. The attack vector requires an authenticated session, meaning that an attacker must first obtain valid credentials to the RaspAP interface before exploiting this vulnerability. The consequence of successful exploitation includes complete system compromise, as the commands execute with root privileges, enabling attackers to modify system files, install malware, or establish persistent access. The vulnerability demonstrates poor input validation practices where the application fails to properly sanitize user input before incorporating it into system calls, creating a dangerous injection point.
From an operational impact perspective, this vulnerability poses significant risks to network infrastructure security, particularly in environments where RaspAP serves as a wireless network management solution. The exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to complete network compromise, as attackers can manipulate wireless configurations, access sensitive network data, or use the compromised system as a pivot point for further attacks within the network. The root privilege escalation capability means that attackers can modify system configurations, access all user data, and potentially establish backdoors for persistent access. The vulnerability affects both the local network management capabilities and broader network security posture, as RaspAP systems often serve as central points for wireless network administration. Organizations relying on this software for network management may experience unauthorized access to their wireless infrastructure, potentially leading to data breaches or network disruption.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on immediate patching of affected RaspAP versions, with updates to version 2.9.3 or later where the command injection flaw has been addressed. Network administrators should implement strict input validation and sanitization measures to prevent similar vulnerabilities in other applications, ensuring that all user-supplied data is properly escaped before being used in system calls. Access controls and authentication mechanisms should be strengthened to limit the attack surface, including implementing multi-factor authentication and role-based access controls. The principle of least privilege should be enforced, ensuring that applications run with minimal required permissions rather than root privileges. Security monitoring and logging should be enhanced to detect anomalous command execution patterns, and network segmentation should be implemented to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation. Regular security assessments and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar injection vulnerabilities in other network management applications. Additionally, organizations should maintain up-to-date security patches and implement automated vulnerability scanning to prevent exploitation of known vulnerabilities. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this as a command execution technique under the privilege escalation and persistence domains, emphasizing the need for comprehensive security controls to prevent both initial compromise and long-term system control.