CVE-2022-4587 in oc-server3
Summary
by MITRE • 12/17/2022
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Opencaching Deutschland oc-server3. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file htdocs/templates2/ocstyle/login.tpl of the component Login Page. The manipulation of the argument username leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is 3296ebd61e7fe49e93b5755d5d7766d6e94a7667. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier VDB-216173 was assigned to this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 01/14/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2022-4587 represents a cross site scripting vulnerability within the Opencaching Deutschland oc-server3 platform, specifically affecting the login page component. This issue resides in the processing of the htdocs/templates2/ocstyle/login.tpl file where improper handling of user input allows malicious actors to inject harmful scripts. The vulnerability is classified as remotely exploitable, meaning attackers can initiate attacks without requiring physical access to the target system. The flaw specifically manifests when the username parameter is manipulated, creating an avenue for script injection that can compromise user sessions and potentially lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-79, which describes cross site scripting flaws where untrusted data is improperly incorporated into web page content without adequate sanitization or encoding. This particular implementation vulnerability demonstrates how template-based web applications can become susceptible to injection attacks when user-provided data flows directly into rendered HTML content without proper validation mechanisms. The attack vector operates through the web interface where an attacker can craft malicious username inputs that, when processed by the vulnerable login template, execute unintended scripts in the context of other users' browsers. The remote exploitability aspect means that this vulnerability can be leveraged from any location with internet access, making it particularly dangerous for publicly accessible web applications.
The operational impact of CVE-2022-4587 extends beyond simple script execution, potentially enabling session hijacking, credential theft, and data exfiltration attacks. When users interact with the compromised login page, their browsers may execute malicious scripts that can capture authentication tokens, redirect them to attacker-controlled domains, or perform actions on their behalf. This vulnerability directly threatens user privacy and application security, as it allows attackers to exploit the trust relationship between users and the web application. The vulnerability affects the core authentication mechanism of the platform, potentially compromising the entire user base that relies on the oc-server3 system for caching and geocaching activities. Organizations using this software face significant risk of unauthorized access and potential data breaches when this vulnerability remains unpatched.
Security mitigation for CVE-2022-4587 requires immediate implementation of the provided patch identified by the commit hash 3296ebd61e7fe49e93b5755d5d7766d6e94a7667. The patch should address the specific handling of the username parameter within the login.tpl template to ensure proper input sanitization and output encoding. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation mechanisms that filter or escape special characters in user-provided data before rendering it within web pages. Additionally, the application should employ Content Security Policy headers to prevent execution of unauthorized scripts and implement proper output encoding techniques such as HTML entity encoding for dynamic content. Security teams should conduct thorough code reviews focusing on template processing and input handling mechanisms, particularly examining how user data flows through the application's rendering pipeline. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date security practices in web application development, including regular security assessments and vulnerability scanning to identify similar issues in other components of the system. Organizations should consider implementing web application firewalls and monitoring systems to detect and prevent exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability, while also establishing incident response procedures for potential breach scenarios.