CVE-2022-49042 in Hyper Backup Explorer
Summary
by MITRE • 06/03/2026
An inclusion of functionality from untrusted control sphere vulnerability in MinGW DLL component in Synology Hyper Backup Explorer before 3.0.1-0156 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 06/03/2026
This vulnerability represents a critical security flaw in the MinGW DLL component of Synology Hyper Backup Explorer software prior to version 3.0.1-0156. The issue stems from improper handling of external dependencies within the software's control sphere, creating an attack surface where untrusted code can be executed locally on affected systems. The vulnerability falls under the category of insecure library loading or dynamic link library injection, which is classified as CWE-427 and CWE-471 within the Common Weakness Enumeration framework. The flaw specifically manifests when the application incorporates functionality from untrusted control spheres, allowing malicious actors to manipulate the loading process and execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected user.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability involves the software's failure to properly validate or sanitize the source of dynamic library components during runtime execution. When the Hyper Backup Explorer processes backup operations, it loads DLL files that may originate from untrusted sources within the system's control sphere. This creates an opportunity for attackers to place malicious DLL files in strategic locations where they will be loaded automatically by the application. The unspecified vectors suggest multiple potential attack paths including but not limited to DLL side-loading techniques, path manipulation, or exploitation of weak dependency resolution mechanisms. Attackers can leverage this weakness to inject malicious code that executes with the same privileges as the legitimate application, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
The operational impact of this vulnerability is significant for organizations using Synology Hyper Backup Explorer, as local privilege escalation becomes possible through simple file placement attacks. An attacker with local access can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code without requiring additional authentication or network connectivity. The implications extend beyond immediate code execution to potential persistence mechanisms, privilege escalation, and data exfiltration capabilities. This vulnerability particularly affects enterprise environments where backup systems are critical components of disaster recovery and data protection strategies, making it attractive to attackers seeking long-term access to organizational data. The local execution requirement means that successful exploitation does not require network exposure, making the attack vector more accessible and harder to detect through traditional network monitoring.
Mitigation strategies should focus on immediate software updates to version 3.0.1-0156 or later, which addresses the underlying DLL loading vulnerability. Organizations should also implement strict file system permissions and monitoring around the Hyper Backup Explorer installation directories to prevent unauthorized DLL placement. The principle of least privilege should be enforced by running the application with minimal required permissions, and regular security audits should be conducted to identify potential DLL injection vectors. Network segmentation and endpoint detection and response solutions can help detect anomalous DLL loading behaviors. Additionally, implementing application whitelisting policies and using tools like Sysmon for detailed process and file system monitoring can provide early detection of exploitation attempts. This vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter and T1574.001 for DLL side-loading, highlighting the need for comprehensive endpoint protection measures.