CVE-2023-1394 in Online Graduate Tracer System
Summary
by MITRE • 03/14/2023
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Online Graduate Tracer System 1.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function mysqli_query of the file bsitemp.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-222981 was assigned to this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/07/2023
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-1394 represents a critical sql injection flaw within the SourceCodester Online Graduate Tracer System version 1.0, specifically targeting the mysqli_query function in the bsitemp.php file. This vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation and sanitization when processing the id parameter, creating a pathway for malicious actors to execute arbitrary sql commands against the underlying database system. The flaw exists in the application's data handling mechanisms where user-supplied input flows directly into sql query construction without proper parameterization or escaping, making it susceptible to exploitation through crafted malicious input.
The technical nature of this vulnerability aligns with CWE-89, which classifies sql injection as a critical weakness in software applications where untrusted data is incorporated into sql queries without proper sanitization or parameterization. The attack vector is particularly concerning as it enables remote exploitation, meaning attackers can leverage this vulnerability from external networks without requiring physical access to the system. The vulnerability operates by manipulating the id argument passed to the mysqli_query function, allowing an attacker to inject malicious sql code that can be executed within the context of the database user account. This remote capability significantly amplifies the potential impact, as it eliminates the need for local system access or complex network reconnaissance.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple data theft, as successful exploitation could enable attackers to gain full control over the database system, potentially leading to complete system compromise. An attacker could extract sensitive information including graduate records, personal identification details, and institutional data, while also having the capability to modify or delete database contents. The disclosure of the exploit publicly through VDB-222981 further compounds the risk, as it provides threat actors with readily available tools and techniques to target vulnerable systems. This vulnerability affects not only the confidentiality of graduate information but also potentially compromises the integrity and availability of the entire tracing system, which could disrupt academic administrative processes and damage institutional reputation.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should prioritize immediate patching of the affected application to address the input validation flaw in bsitemp.php. Organizations should implement proper parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent sql injection attacks, ensuring that user input is never directly incorporated into sql command construction. Network-level defenses including web application firewalls and intrusion detection systems should be deployed to monitor for exploitation attempts, while access controls should be strengthened to limit database access permissions. Regular security assessments and input validation reviews should be conducted to identify similar vulnerabilities in other application components, and the system should be monitored for unauthorized access attempts or unusual database activity patterns that may indicate exploitation. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of adhering to security best practices such as those outlined in the OWASP Top Ten and NIST cybersecurity frameworks to prevent similar issues in future development cycles.