CVE-2023-1395 in Yoga Class Registration System
Summary
by MITRE • 03/14/2023
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Yoga Class Registration System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function query of the file admin/user/list.php. The manipulation of the argument name leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-222982 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/07/2023
This vulnerability resides within the SourceCodester Yoga Class Registration System version 1.0, specifically targeting the admin/user/list.php file where the query function demonstrates a critical cross-site scripting flaw. The vulnerability manifests when an attacker manipulates the name argument parameter, allowing malicious script execution within the context of the victim's browser. The flaw represents a classic persistent XSS vulnerability that enables attackers to inject malicious JavaScript code into the application's response, which then executes whenever users view the affected page. The remote exploitation capability means that attackers can trigger this vulnerability without requiring physical access to the system, making it particularly dangerous for web applications that handle user data. This type of vulnerability falls under CWE-79 which categorizes cross-site scripting as a critical web application security weakness that allows attackers to execute scripts in the victim's browser context.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through manipulation of the name parameter in the query function, which fails to properly sanitize or escape user input before incorporating it into the application's output. When a user navigates to the affected page, the malicious payload embedded in the name argument executes within their browser session, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or redirection to malicious sites. The vulnerability's classification as a remote exploit indicates that no privileged access or local system compromise is required for successful attack execution. Attackers can leverage this weakness to establish persistent access to user sessions, particularly concerning administrative accounts that may have elevated privileges within the yoga class registration system. This vulnerability directly aligns with ATT&CK technique T1531 which focuses on Establishing Persistence through Web Shell or Script Injection.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it compromises the integrity and confidentiality of the entire registration system. Administrative users who access the user list page become potential victims of session manipulation, allowing attackers to perform unauthorized actions such as modifying user accounts, accessing sensitive registration data, or even deleting class registrations. The disclosure of this exploit in public vulnerability databases such as VDB-222982 indicates that security researchers have already identified and documented the weakness, increasing the likelihood of real-world exploitation. Organizations using this system face significant risk of data breaches, as the vulnerability provides attackers with a straightforward method to compromise user sessions and potentially escalate privileges within the application. The vulnerability's persistence stems from the application's failure to implement proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms, creating an environment where malicious payloads can be stored and executed repeatedly.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability must address both immediate remediation and long-term security hardening. The primary fix involves implementing proper input sanitization and output encoding for all user-supplied data, particularly within the query function of the admin/user/list.php file. Security measures should include the implementation of Content Security Policy headers, proper HTML escaping of dynamic content, and validation of all input parameters against whitelisted character sets. Organizations should also consider implementing web application firewalls to detect and block malicious input patterns, while conducting regular security assessments to identify similar vulnerabilities across the application codebase. Additionally, the system should be updated to the latest available version or patched to address this specific XSS vulnerability. Regular security training for developers on secure coding practices and input validation techniques will help prevent similar issues from emerging in future versions of the application. The implementation of automated security scanning tools during development and deployment phases can help identify such vulnerabilities before they can be exploited in production environments.