CVE-2023-3267 in PowerPanel
Summary
by MITRE • 08/14/2023
When adding a remote backup location, an authenticated user can pass arbitrary OS commands through the username field. The username is passed without sanitization into CMD running as NT/Authority System. An authenticated attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code with system-level access to the CyberPower PowerPanel Enterprise server.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 09/08/2023
This vulnerability exists in the CyberPower PowerPanel Enterprise server software where improper input validation allows command injection attacks through the username field during remote backup location configuration. The flaw represents a critical security weakness that enables authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands with elevated privileges. The vulnerability specifically occurs when the application processes the username parameter without adequate sanitization or validation before passing it to operating system commands executed under the NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM context. This privilege escalation opportunity arises from the application's failure to properly isolate user input from the execution environment, creating a direct path for malicious command injection.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability aligns with common command injection patterns documented in CWE-77 and CWE-88, where user-supplied data flows directly into command execution contexts without proper sanitization. The attack vector requires an authenticated user account, which reduces the initial attack surface but still represents a significant risk since legitimate users with access can be compromised or may have access to accounts with elevated privileges. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it operates within the system context with the highest available privileges, allowing full system compromise and potential lateral movement within the network environment. The use of NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM privileges means that successful exploitation would provide complete control over the affected server, including access to all system resources, files, and potential network connectivity.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple code execution to encompass complete system compromise and potential data exfiltration or manipulation. An attacker with access to the PowerPanel Enterprise server could leverage this vulnerability to install backdoors, modify system configurations, steal sensitive data, or use the compromised system as a launch point for attacks against other network resources. The vulnerability also presents a risk of service disruption and potential denial of service conditions as attackers could execute commands that consume system resources or modify critical system processes. Organizations relying on CyberPower PowerPanel Enterprise for power management and monitoring would face significant operational risks including potential power infrastructure disruption and loss of critical monitoring capabilities.
Mitigation strategies should focus on immediate input validation and sanitization of all user-supplied data, particularly in contexts where system commands are executed. The primary fix involves implementing proper parameter validation and sanitization for the username field in backup location configuration, ensuring that special characters and command delimiters are properly escaped or filtered. Organizations should also implement principle of least privilege for accounts accessing the PowerPanel Enterprise server, limiting access to only those users who require administrative capabilities. Network segmentation and monitoring of system command execution can provide additional layers of defense. The vulnerability also highlights the importance of regular security updates and patch management, as this issue was addressed in subsequent software releases. Security controls should include monitoring for unusual command execution patterns and implementing robust access controls to prevent unauthorized users from accessing backup configuration features. This vulnerability demonstrates the critical importance of secure coding practices and input validation in preventing command injection attacks that can lead to complete system compromise.