CVE-2023-46552 in X2000R Gh
Summary
by MITRE • 10/25/2023
TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formMultiAP.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 02/17/2026
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2023-46552 represents a critical stack overflow condition within the TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948 firmware implementation. This issue manifests through the formMultiAP function, which processes user input without adequate bounds checking or validation mechanisms. The stack overflow vulnerability occurs when malformed input data is passed to this specific function, potentially allowing attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations on the stack. Such memory corruption can lead to arbitrary code execution, system instability, or complete device compromise, particularly when the vulnerable function handles network-received data or user-submitted parameters.
The technical flaw stems from insufficient input validation and memory management practices within the firmware's web interface handling components. When the formMultiAP function processes incoming data, it fails to implement proper buffer size checks or sanitization routines that would prevent excessive data from overwriting the stack frame. This vulnerability falls under the CWE-121 stack buffer overflow category, specifically manifesting as a classic stack-based buffer overflow condition. The vulnerability's exploitation potential is significantly enhanced by the fact that it likely occurs in a network-accessible web interface component, making it remotely exploitable from an attacker's perspective.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple device instability, as it provides potential attackers with a pathway for persistent system compromise. An attacker could leverage this stack overflow to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the web server process, potentially gaining access to sensitive system information, modifying network configurations, or establishing persistent backdoors. The vulnerability's presence in a consumer-grade router firmware like the TOTOLINK X2000R creates significant risk for home and small office networks, as these devices often serve as the primary gateway between internal networks and external internet access. The vulnerability's exploitation could enable attackers to perform man-in-the-middle attacks, redirect traffic, or use the compromised device as a pivot point for attacking other networked systems.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-46552 should prioritize immediate firmware updates from TOTOLINK, as the vendor would need to implement proper input validation, buffer size checks, and memory management practices within the formMultiAP function. Network administrators should also implement monitoring for unusual traffic patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts, particularly around the web interface ports. The vulnerability aligns with several ATT&CK tactics including TA0002 Execution through command injection and TA0006 Credential Access through privilege escalation. Organizations should also consider network segmentation, firewall rules to restrict access to the device's web interface, and regular security assessments of networked devices. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of secure coding practices and input validation in embedded systems, particularly in network infrastructure devices where the attack surface is directly exposed to external threats.