CVE-2023-47464 in AX1800
Summary
by MITRE • 11/30/2023
Insecure Permissions vulnerability in GL.iNet AX1800 version 4.0.0 before 4.5.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the upload API function.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 12/20/2023
The CVE-2023-47464 vulnerability represents a critical insecure permissions flaw affecting GL.iNet AX1800 routers running firmware versions prior to 4.5.0. This vulnerability resides within the device's upload API function, creating a dangerous attack surface that allows remote code execution without proper authentication or authorization. The issue stems from inadequate access controls and permission validation mechanisms within the router's web interface, specifically targeting the file upload functionality that should be restricted to authorized administrative users. The vulnerability classification aligns with CWE-284, which addresses improper access control, and falls under the broader category of insufficient authorization flaws that enable attackers to bypass security measures. Security researchers have identified that this weakness permits unauthenticated remote attackers to upload malicious files to the device, potentially leading to complete system compromise and unauthorized access to network resources.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs through the upload API function which fails to properly validate incoming file requests and lacks adequate input sanitization. Attackers can leverage this flaw by crafting malicious payloads and uploading them through the vulnerable API endpoint, bypassing normal authentication mechanisms. The underlying flaw typically involves improper validation of file types, sizes, or upload destinations, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code on the target device. This type of vulnerability often relates to the ATT&CK technique T1566 which encompasses social engineering and initial access methods, though in this case the access is achieved through API exploitation rather than social engineering. The router's firmware architecture likely permits file uploads without proper verification of the user's administrative privileges, creating a path for attackers to escalate their privileges and gain full control over the device's operating system and network functions.
The operational impact of CVE-2023-47464 extends far beyond simple unauthorized access, as it provides attackers with complete control over the affected network infrastructure. Once successfully exploited, attackers can establish persistent backdoors, monitor network traffic, modify router configurations, and potentially use the compromised device as a pivot point for attacking other systems within the local network. The vulnerability affects not only the router's administrative functions but also its core network security capabilities, potentially allowing attackers to disable security features or redirect network traffic. Organizations utilizing GL.iNet AX1800 routers in their infrastructure face significant risk of data breaches, network infiltration, and potential lateral movement attacks that could compromise entire network ecosystems. The remote nature of the exploit means that attackers do not require physical access to the device, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous for enterprise environments where network security is paramount.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2023-47464 should prioritize immediate firmware updates to version 4.5.0 or later, which contain the necessary security patches addressing the insecure permissions issue. Network administrators should implement additional security controls including firewall rules to restrict access to the router's API endpoints, network segmentation to limit the potential impact of compromise, and regular monitoring for suspicious file upload activities. The vulnerability demonstrates the importance of implementing defense-in-depth strategies and proper access control mechanisms, aligning with security frameworks such as NIST Cybersecurity Framework and ISO 27001 standards. Organizations should also conduct thorough vulnerability assessments to identify similar issues in other network devices and implement robust patch management processes. Additional mitigations include disabling unnecessary API functions, implementing strong authentication mechanisms, and maintaining detailed logs of all file upload activities for forensic analysis purposes. The incident highlights the critical need for continuous security monitoring and regular security assessments to identify and remediate vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by malicious actors.