CVE-2024-10463 in Thunderbird
Summary
by MITRE • 10/29/2024
Video frames could have been leaked between origins in some situations. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 132, Firefox ESR < 128.4, Firefox ESR < 115.17, Thunderbird < 128.4, and Thunderbird < 132.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/02/2025
This vulnerability represents a critical cross-origin information leakage issue that could potentially allow malicious actors to access video frame data from different origins within affected Firefox and Thunderbird browsers. The flaw exists in the browser's handling of video content processing and rendering mechanisms, creating an unintended pathway for data cross-contamination between separate web origins. The vulnerability specifically impacts versions of Firefox prior to 132, Firefox ESR versions prior to 128.4 and 115.17, as well as Thunderbird versions prior to 128.4 and 132, indicating a widespread impact across multiple Mozilla products and their extended support releases. This type of vulnerability falls under the category of information disclosure flaws that can compromise user privacy and data integrity.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from inadequate isolation mechanisms in the browser's video processing pipeline. When handling video frames from different origins, the browser fails to properly enforce cross-origin security boundaries, allowing video frame data to be inadvertently shared or leaked between separate domains. This could occur during video decoding, rendering, or processing operations where memory management or cache handling does not adequately separate content from different security contexts. The flaw likely involves improper handling of shared memory segments or buffer management that should normally be isolated between different origins, creating a potential attack vector for cross-site scripting or information disclosure attacks. According to CWE standards, this vulnerability maps to CWE-200, which describes "Information Exposure" and represents a broad class of vulnerabilities where sensitive information is exposed to unauthorized actors.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple privacy concerns to potentially enable sophisticated attack scenarios including surveillance, data exfiltration, and targeted information gathering. An attacker could exploit this weakness to access video frames from other origins, potentially capturing sensitive visual information from different websites or applications that the user has visited. This could be particularly dangerous in environments where users access multiple sensitive applications or where video content contains confidential information. The vulnerability's presence in both Firefox and Thunderbird applications means that attackers could potentially leverage this weakness across different Mozilla products, increasing the attack surface and potential impact. Security researchers have categorized this under ATT&CK technique T1566, which involves initial access through phishing or malicious content delivery, and T1071, which covers application layer protocols and data manipulation.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability require immediate patching of affected browser versions to ensure proper cross-origin isolation mechanisms are enforced during video processing operations. Organizations should prioritize updating to the latest stable releases of Firefox and Thunderbird, particularly noting that Firefox 132, Firefox ESR 128.4, and Firefox ESR 115.17 contain the necessary security fixes. System administrators should implement monitoring for unusual video processing behavior or memory access patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additional defensive measures include configuring browser security policies to limit video processing capabilities where possible, implementing network-level monitoring for suspicious data flows, and ensuring users are educated about the risks of visiting untrusted websites. The vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining current security patches and proper isolation mechanisms in multimedia processing components of web browsers. Organizations should also consider implementing additional security controls such as content security policies and sandboxing measures to reduce the potential impact of similar vulnerabilities in other browser components or applications.