CVE-2024-23950 in libigl
Summary
by MITRE • 05/28/2024
Multiple improper array index validation vulnerabilities exist in the readMSH functionality of libigl v2.5.0. A specially crafted .msh file can lead to an out-of-bounds write. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability concerns the `igl::MshLoader::parse_element_field` function while handling an `binary`.msh` file.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/27/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-23950 represents a critical security flaw within the libigl library version 2.5.0, specifically affecting the readMSH functionality that processes .msh files used for mesh data representation. This issue manifests as improper array index validation within the igl::MshLoader::parse_element_field function when handling binary.msh files, creating a pathway for out-of-bounds write conditions that can be exploited by malicious actors. The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation mechanisms that fail to properly verify array bounds before accessing memory locations, a weakness that directly aligns with CWE-129, which addresses improper validation of array indices. The libigl library serves as a comprehensive computational geometry library widely used in scientific computing, computer graphics, and engineering applications, making this vulnerability particularly concerning given its potential impact across multiple domains.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when a maliciously crafted .msh file is processed by the affected library, specifically targeting the parse_element_field function during binary file parsing operations. The flaw allows an attacker to manipulate array indexing parameters in such a way that memory writes occur beyond the allocated buffer boundaries, potentially leading to memory corruption, application crashes, or more severe consequences depending on the execution environment. This type of out-of-bounds write vulnerability typically enables attackers to overwrite adjacent memory locations, potentially corrupting program state or executing arbitrary code. The vulnerability's classification as an improper array index validation issue places it within the ATT&CK framework under the T1059.007 technique category, which covers execution through scripting, though the actual exploitation would likely involve memory corruption techniques rather than direct scripting.
The operational impact of CVE-2024-23950 extends beyond simple denial of service scenarios, as the out-of-bounds write condition can potentially be leveraged for more sophisticated attacks including remote code execution in vulnerable environments. Applications that rely on libigl for mesh processing, including 3D modeling software, computational geometry tools, and scientific visualization platforms, could be compromised if they process untrusted .msh files without proper input sanitization. The vulnerability's exploitation requires an attacker to craft a specific malicious .msh file that triggers the flawed array validation logic, making it a targeted attack vector rather than a widespread vulnerability. Organizations using libigl in their software stacks should consider the potential for privilege escalation if the affected applications run with elevated permissions, as memory corruption could provide pathways for attackers to gain unauthorized system access.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on immediate remediation through library updates to versions that address the array index validation flaws in the parse_element_field function. System administrators and software developers should implement input validation measures that enforce strict bounds checking on all array operations, particularly when processing external data files. The implementation of defensive programming practices including bounds checking, memory sanitization, and input parameter validation can significantly reduce the risk of exploitation. Additionally, organizations should consider implementing sandboxing mechanisms for applications that process external mesh files, limiting the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts. The vulnerability's nature suggests that runtime protections such as address space layout randomization and data execution prevention could provide additional layers of defense, though the primary mitigation remains the patching of the affected library version to ensure proper array index validation is enforced throughout the parsing process.