CVE-2024-28063 in Totemomail
Summary
by MITRE • 05/19/2024
Kiteworks Totemomail through 7.0.0 allows /responsiveUI/EnvelopeOpenServlet envelopeRecipient reflected XSS.
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 03/29/2025
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-28063 affects Kiteworks Totemomail version 7.0.0 and earlier, presenting a reflected cross-site scripting flaw within the /responsiveUI/EnvelopeOpenServlet endpoint. This vulnerability specifically targets the envelopeRecipient parameter, which is processed without adequate input sanitization or output encoding, creating an exploitable vector for malicious actors to inject client-side scripts into web applications. The reflected nature of this vulnerability means that the malicious script is executed when a user clicks on a specially crafted link or visits a maliciously crafted page that includes the vulnerable parameter. The vulnerability resides in the web application's handling of user-supplied input that is directly reflected back to the user's browser without proper validation or encoding mechanisms.
The technical implementation of this vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding practices within the servlet's response handling mechanism. When the envelopeRecipient parameter is received by the EnvelopeOpenServlet, the application fails to properly sanitize or encode the input before incorporating it into the HTTP response sent to the victim's browser. This failure allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code that will execute in the context of the victim's browser session, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or other malicious activities. The vulnerability specifically impacts the responsive user interface component of the application, suggesting that the XSS flaw occurs within the web application's client-side rendering logic that processes the envelope recipient information.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple script execution, as it provides attackers with the capability to perform session manipulation attacks and potentially escalate privileges within the application's security model. A successful exploitation could enable attackers to steal user sessions, modify application data, or redirect users to malicious websites. The reflected nature of the vulnerability makes it particularly dangerous as it can be delivered through various means including phishing emails, malicious web links, or compromised web pages that direct users to the vulnerable endpoint. Attackers could craft specific URLs that, when clicked by an authenticated user, would execute malicious scripts in the victim's browser context, potentially compromising the entire user session and associated data access permissions.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability should focus on implementing proper input validation and output encoding mechanisms throughout the application's data flow. The recommended approach includes implementing strict input validation that filters or rejects suspicious characters and patterns commonly associated with XSS attacks, combined with proper output encoding that ensures any user-supplied data reflected back to the browser is properly escaped. The application should implement Content Security Policy headers to limit the sources from which scripts can be loaded, and employ proper input sanitization techniques that remove or encode potentially dangerous characters before processing user input. Security practitioners should also consider implementing a web application firewall that can detect and block common XSS attack patterns, and conduct regular security testing including dynamic application security testing and manual penetration testing to identify similar vulnerabilities across the application's attack surface.
This vulnerability aligns with CWE-79 which specifically addresses Cross-Site Scripting flaws in software applications, and represents a classic example of how insufficient input validation can lead to severe security implications in web applications. The ATT&CK framework categorizes this vulnerability under the T1203 - Exploitation for Client Execution technique, where attackers leverage web application vulnerabilities to execute malicious code in the victim's browser. The presence of this vulnerability in a mail-related application particularly raises concerns about the potential for phishing attacks and credential theft, as attackers could craft malicious URLs that exploit this vulnerability to steal user credentials or access sensitive email content. Organizations should prioritize patching this vulnerability and implementing comprehensive input validation across all user-facing web application endpoints to prevent similar issues from occurring in other components of their application architecture.