CVE-2024-28906 in OLE DB Driver
Summary
by MITRE • 04/10/2024
Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 04/07/2025
The Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server remote code execution vulnerability represents a critical security flaw that enables attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems through remote exploitation. This vulnerability specifically affects the OLE DB driver component used for connecting to Microsoft SQL Server databases, making it a significant concern for organizations relying on database connectivity. The flaw exists within the driver's handling of certain data processing operations, creating an opportunity for malicious actors to leverage crafted inputs to gain unauthorized system access. According to the Common Weakness Enumeration framework, this vulnerability maps to CWE-121, which describes heap-based buffer overflow conditions that occur when insufficient bounds checking is performed on buffer operations. The vulnerability impacts multiple versions of the Microsoft OLE DB Driver for SQL Server, with the most significant exposure occurring in versions prior to the patched releases.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when the OLE DB driver processes malformed input data through specific database connection parameters or query operations. Attackers can craft malicious payloads that trigger buffer overflow conditions within the driver's memory management routines, potentially allowing them to overwrite critical memory locations and execute malicious code with the privileges of the affected application process. The vulnerability's remote exploitation capability means that attackers do not require local system access to exploit the flaw, significantly expanding the attack surface. This type of vulnerability aligns with ATT&CK technique T1203, which describes exploitation of remote services through network-based attacks. The memory corruption aspect of the vulnerability creates opportunities for attackers to manipulate program execution flow through stack or heap overflows, potentially leading to complete system compromise.
Organizations utilizing Microsoft SQL Server environments face substantial operational risks from this vulnerability, particularly those with exposed database servers or applications that use the affected OLE DB driver components. The remote code execution capability means that successful exploitation could result in data breaches, system compromise, and potential lateral movement within network environments. Database administrators and security teams must prioritize immediate remediation efforts to protect their infrastructure from potential exploitation. The vulnerability's impact extends beyond simple code execution, as successful exploitation could lead to privilege escalation, data exfiltration, and persistence mechanisms within affected systems. Organizations with complex database architectures may face challenges in identifying all potentially affected systems, as the OLE DB driver may be used across multiple applications and services throughout the enterprise environment.
Mitigation strategies for this vulnerability primarily focus on immediate patching and deployment of Microsoft's security updates. Organizations should prioritize updating all affected systems to the latest versions of the OLE DB Driver for SQL Server, ensuring that all instances of the vulnerable component are properly updated. Network segmentation and access controls should be implemented to limit exposure of database servers to untrusted networks, reducing the attack surface for potential exploitation attempts. Security monitoring should be enhanced to detect anomalous database connection patterns or unusual query operations that might indicate exploitation attempts. Additional defensive measures include implementing application whitelisting policies to restrict execution of unauthorized code and configuring intrusion detection systems to monitor for exploitation indicators. The vulnerability's classification as a remote code execution flaw necessitates comprehensive incident response planning, including detailed procedures for identifying potentially compromised systems and implementing containment measures. Organizations should also review their database access controls and privilege management practices to minimize the potential impact of successful exploitation attempts.