CVE-2024-38983 in mini-deep-assign
Summary
by MITRE • 07/31/2024
Prototype Pollution in alykoshin mini-deep-assign v0.0.8 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a Denial of Service (DoS) and cause other impacts via the _assign() method at (/lib/index.js:91)
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Analysis
by VulDB Data Team • 08/09/2024
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2024-38983 affects the mini-deep-assign package version 0.0.8, specifically targeting the _assign() method implementation within the /lib/index.js file at line 91. This represents a prototype pollution vulnerability that arises from inadequate input validation and sanitization within the package's deep assignment functionality. The flaw allows attackers to manipulate object prototypes through malicious input, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or system disruption. The vulnerability stems from the package's failure to properly handle prototype properties during deep assignment operations, creating a pathway for attackers to inject malicious code into the application's execution environment.
The technical exploitation of this vulnerability occurs when the _assign() method processes user-controlled input without proper prototype validation. This allows attackers to inject properties into the Object.prototype chain, which can then be leveraged to modify or pollute the behavior of all objects in the application. The CWE-471 classification applies here as the vulnerability involves the modification of a data structure in a way that can lead to unexpected behavior. When an attacker successfully pollutes the prototype, they can manipulate how objects behave throughout the application, potentially leading to code injection attacks or bypassing security controls. The specific implementation at line 91 in the index.js file demonstrates a lack of proper input sanitization that allows prototype properties to be directly assigned without validation.
The operational impact of this vulnerability extends beyond simple denial of service conditions to encompass potential arbitrary code execution capabilities that can severely compromise system integrity. An attacker could leverage this prototype pollution to inject malicious code that executes within the application context, potentially leading to data breaches, privilege escalation, or complete system compromise. The vulnerability affects applications that utilize the mini-deep-assign package for deep object merging operations, making it particularly dangerous in environments where user input is processed through this functionality. The DoS aspect of the vulnerability can be exploited to destabilize applications by causing memory exhaustion or application crashes through prototype manipulation, while the arbitrary code execution potential represents a more severe threat vector that can be used for persistent attacks.
Mitigation strategies for CVE-2024-38983 should prioritize immediate package updates to versions that address the prototype pollution vulnerability, as this represents the most effective defense mechanism. Organizations should implement comprehensive input validation and sanitization measures at all application boundaries to prevent malicious prototype properties from entering the system. The ATT&CK framework's T1555.003 technique for credential access through unsecured credentials and T1059.001 for command and scripting interpreter should be considered when implementing defensive measures, as prototype pollution can enable these attack vectors. Additionally, implementing proper object property validation, using secure coding practices that avoid direct prototype assignment, and conducting regular security assessments of third-party dependencies can significantly reduce the risk exposure. The use of automated dependency scanning tools and maintaining updated security baselines will help detect and remediate similar vulnerabilities in other packages within the application ecosystem.